Test 4.3

Question 1

What are the four main proccess of the digestive system

Answer 1

Ingestion 
-entry to the canal
Digestive
-chemical breakdown
Absorption
-nutrient transport into enter body
Excretion
-waste exit from the canal

Question 2

What’s the breakdown of food

Answer 2

Food—-> Bolus—> chyme—-> feces

Question 3

What’s the passageway of alimentary canal

Answer 3

Oral cavity-> pharynx->esophagus ->LES->stomach-> pyloric sphincter-> small intestine->iliocranal valve-> large intestine-> internal/external sphincter

Question 4

What does the lower esophagus sphincter

Answer 4

Allow food into stomach

Question 5

What does the pyloric sphincter do

Answer 5

Allows food into small intestine

Question 6

What are the alimentary layers

Answer 6

Mucosa
Submucosa
Mucularis
Serosa

Question 7

What does the mucosa consist of

Answer 7

• lots of surface area; made for absorbing nutrients

- plica circularis (folds) covered in villi ( finger like projection)

Question 8

What does the submucosa layer do

Answer 8

Supporting blood and lymph vessel, part of enteric nervous system

Question 9

What does the mucularis layer consist of

Answer 9

Circular and longitudinal layer

-muscle layer, part of enteric nervous system

Question 10

What does the serosa layer consist of

Answer 10

Outer layer covering digestive system

Question 11

What are the three steps of peristalisis

Answer 11

1) contraction of circular muscles behind Bolus
2) contraction of longitudinal muscles ahead of Bolus
3) contraction in circular muscles layer forces Bolus forward

Question 12

What is Bolus

Answer 12

Food that is mixed with slava

Question 13

What are the functions of the oral cavity

Answer 13

Sensory analysis 
-gustation
Mechanical digestion
-teeth/tongue
Lubrication/chemical digestion
-salary glands
-mixture of buffers, mucins and enzymes (lingual lipase & salivary amylase)

Question 14

What are the two enzymes apart of chemical digestion and what do they do

Answer 14

Lingual lipase
Salivary amylase

Breaks down lipids

Question 15

Where does chemical digestion occur first

Answer 15

The mouth

Question 16

Where does protein digestion occur first

Answer 16

Stomach

Question 17

What’s the function of the digestive system

Answer 17

Food transport/processing through the alimentary canal

And assistance from accessory organs

Question 18

What prevents food from entering the trachea during the swallowing process

Answer 18

Epiglottis

Question 19

What does the esophagus contain

Answer 19

-Hollow muscular tube

-crosses diaphragm (hiatus) and terminates at stomach
• LES/ caradic

Question 20

What does the swallowing process consist of

Answer 20

1) Buccal phase (occurs in mouth)
2) Pharyngeal Phase
3) Esophageal phase
4) Bolus enters stomach (LES opens to allow food in and class closes quickly)

Question 21

When is the epiglottis up during the swallowing phase

Answer 21

Buccal phase

Question 22

When is the epiglottis down during the swallowing process

Answer 22

Pharyngeal phase

Question 23

What shape is the stomach

Answer 23

J-shaped

Question 24

Where is the pyloric sphincter located near the stomach

Answer 24

Bottom of stomach

Question 25

What are the three muscles called that wrapped the stomach

Answer 25

``` Longitudinal Circular Oblique •mechanical digestion • mixes Bolus with stomach secretion -> chyme ```

Question 26

When do the LES and pyloric sphincter both open

Answer 26

For emeisis aka vomitting

Question 27

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Gastric bypass

Answer 27

•Advantages Reduce weight Reverses diabetes and apnea Hunger feeling reduced •disadvantages Vitamin and mineral deficiencies -amenia, osteoporosis