Final 4.7 Flashcards
What does a steroid hormone start with
Cholesterol molecule
If thyroid hormone is low what is the pathway or the endocrine system
Hypothalamus —> Thyroid releasing hormone –> anterior pituitary—> thyroid stimulating hormone –>target organ–>specific hormone —>regulate metabolism
How many chromosomes does sperm have
23
True or false
Insulin is a protein hormone
True
What is the male response for plateau
-ejection maintained
•color deepens
-urethral bulb enlarges (3x)
-preorgasmic emission
•Cowper's gland (pre ejaculatory fluid) or a few drops of semen
-prostate enlarges
-sex flush spreads
-HR, BP, and BR increase, more myotoniaWhat does the male response for orgasm
-involuntary muscle contraction
•clutching and clawing of hand/feet
-HR, BP, BR peak
-sex flush peaks
-Ejaculation (optional)
•expulsion if semen
•reflex with 2 stagesWhat are the two relax phases with orgasm
Emission stage
Expulsion state
What is the emission stage
- controlled by sympathetic nervous system
- smooth muscle contraction in testes walls, ducts and glands
- semen enter urethral buld
- urinary sphincter contracts closes off bladder
- oxytocin release
What is the expulsion state consist of
- controlled by somatic nerves system (voluntary control)
- rhythmic contraction of penis and bulbocavernosus muscle
What does the resolution stage for male response consist of
-return to resting state
•erection lost
-priapism (ejection
How long during resolution does it take HR,BP, BR to return to normal
5 mins
How long for additional reduction in penis size, descent of testes and loss of nipple erection take
5min -2 hrs
What’s the function of the female reproduction system
- produce female gametes and hormone
- receive male gametes
- protect and support developing embryo/fetus
What does the female internal anatomy consist of
Ovaries
-lumpy and almond shaped organ
•produce oocytes (eggs) and hormones
Uterine tubes AKA Fallopian oviducts
-facilitate egg transport toward uterus with peristaltic contraction and cilia
Where are eggs for females fertilized?
In uterine tube 1-2 days
Where must sperm meet an egg?
In the uterine tube
Where do Zygote travels?
The uterus
What does egg maturation consists of
-ovaries contain follicles
-follicle = little bag
•each oocytes is contained within a follicle
-granulosa-support cells (estrogen)
-theca- support cells androgens progesterone
What are the 4 stages of growth for egg maturation
Primodial
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
How long does primary follicle take for growth
4 months
What does secondary follicles consist of
Become atretic and die or become a tertiary follicle
What does tertiary follicle consist of
Grow until reaching graafian status
- single Graafian follicle ruptures
- ovulation; egg released
- follicle leftover become a corpus luteum
What is oogenesis
-process begins before birth in females
•meiosis 1 begins during fetal devolvement and then stops
-menarche-menopause restarts meiosis one batch of follicle/cycle
•start meiosis 2
•stop again
•undergo atresia or ovulation
•wait for sperm
If fertization is then complete mesiosis 2 produces what?
Mature ovum
