Test 3.1 Flashcards
What shape are red blood cells
bi-concave disc
What are the characteristics of RBCs
High surface area/volume Slightly flexible No organelles Coloration from hemoglobin Composed of 4 protein chains
How long do RBC live for
120 days
Since RBC have high surface area/volume what does this allow them to do?
Lots of area for gas exchange
What is RBC also known as
erythrocytes
What color is oxyhemoglobin
Bright red
What color is deoxyhemoglobin
Dark red
How many protein chains are RBC composed of and what are they
Composed of 4
2 alpha
2 beta
Each 1 holds 1 heme molecule
True or false
Do red blood cells contain oxygen
True
What does amenia consist of
Low number of RBCs
Low Hb content
What are the symptoms of amenia
Weakness, tiredness and oxygen transport is critical for tissue survival
What does blood start and finish with
Starts with hemocytoblast
Finishes with WBCs, RBCs, platelets
What does blood loss anemia consist of
Loss of RBCs due to hemorrhage
What is iron deficiency amenia
Most common
Not enough iron to make heme molecules
Body can’t make Hb
No way to carry O2
What does pernicious Armenia consist of
Vitamin B12
Either low B12 in diet
B12 needed to for erythroposis
What is erythropoiesis
RBC production
What does sickle cell consist of
Defective beta chain in Hb molecules
Caused by mutation in DNA coding for 1 amino acid
Causes RBCs to become rigid, fragile, & sickle shaped
Hb molecules stick together after releasing O2
What are the different types of defective or insufficient cells of amenia
Iron deficiency Armenia
Sickle cell amenia
Pernicious amenia
Who has higher RBCs production males or females
Males
What’s the natural way of blood doping
Exposing blood to low O2
what’s the cheating way of blood doping
Removing blood while training
Re infusing RBCs before competition
What’s the drug abuse of blood doping?
Taking EPO pills
Increase hematocrit up to 65% if a person is heathy
What does blood doping do?
Can increase blood viscosity
Increase blood resistance
What’s the three phase of hemostasis
Vascular phase
Platelet phase
Conagulation phase
What is homestasis
The body’s way of regulating internal stability to remain constant
What’s vascular phase
Endothelial cells contract and release endothelin
Smooth muscles contract and divide/repair
Endothelial cells become sticky
What does platelet phase consist of
Form platelet plug
Platelets stick to endothelial cells
15 secs after injury
Platelets release chemical signals to stimulate clotting process
What does coagulation phase consist of
Requires clotting factors
Ca2+,requires 2 proteins,Vitamin k
End result in fibrin produced
Begins 30 secs after injury
Can take 8-18 min to complete
Bleeding usually stops after 1-4 mins
