Test 3.1

Question 1

What shape are red blood cells

Answer 1

bi-concave disc

Question 2

What are the characteristics of RBCs

Answer 2

High surface area/volume
Slightly flexible
No organelles
Coloration from hemoglobin
Composed of 4 protein chains

Question 3

How long do RBC live for

Answer 3

120 days

Question 4

Since RBC have high surface area/volume what does this allow them to do?

Answer 4

Lots of area for gas exchange

Question 5

What is RBC also known as

Answer 5

erythrocytes

Question 6

What color is oxyhemoglobin

Answer 6

Bright red

Question 7

What color is deoxyhemoglobin

Answer 7

Dark red

Question 8

How many protein chains are RBC composed of and what are they

Answer 8

Composed of 4

2 alpha
2 beta
Each 1 holds 1 heme molecule

Question 9

True or false

Do red blood cells contain oxygen

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What does amenia consist of

Answer 10

Low number of RBCs

Low Hb content

Question 11

What are the symptoms of amenia

Answer 11

Weakness, tiredness and oxygen transport is critical for tissue survival

Question 12

What does blood start and finish with

Answer 12

Starts with hemocytoblast

Finishes with WBCs, RBCs, platelets

Question 13

What does blood loss anemia consist of

Answer 13

Loss of RBCs due to hemorrhage

Question 14

What is iron deficiency amenia

Answer 14

Most common

Not enough iron to make heme molecules

Body can’t make Hb

No way to carry O2

Question 15

What does pernicious Armenia consist of

Answer 15

Vitamin B12

Either low B12 in diet

B12 needed to for erythroposis

Question 16

What is erythropoiesis

Answer 16

RBC production

Question 17

What does sickle cell consist of

Answer 17

Defective beta chain in Hb molecules

Caused by mutation in DNA coding for 1 amino acid

Causes RBCs to become rigid, fragile, & sickle shaped

Hb molecules stick together after releasing O2

Question 18

What are the different types of defective or insufficient cells of amenia

Answer 18

Iron deficiency Armenia

Sickle cell amenia

Pernicious amenia

Question 19

Who has higher RBCs production males or females

Answer 19

Males

Question 20

What’s the natural way of blood doping

Answer 20

Exposing blood to low O2

Question 21

what’s the cheating way of blood doping

Answer 21

Removing blood while training

Re infusing RBCs before competition

Question 22

What’s the drug abuse of blood doping?

Answer 22

Taking EPO pills

Increase hematocrit up to 65% if a person is heathy

Question 23

What does blood doping do?

Answer 23

Can increase blood viscosity

Increase blood resistance

Question 24

What’s the three phase of hemostasis

Answer 24

Vascular phase

Platelet phase

Conagulation phase

Question 25

What is homestasis

Answer 25

The body’s way of regulating internal stability to remain constant

Question 26

What’s vascular phase

Answer 26

Endothelial cells contract and release endothelin

Smooth muscles contract and divide/repair

Endothelial cells become sticky

Question 27

What does platelet phase consist of

Answer 27

Form platelet plug

Platelets stick to endothelial cells

15 secs after injury

Platelets release chemical signals to stimulate clotting process

Question 28

What does coagulation phase consist of

Answer 28

Requires clotting factors
Ca2+,requires 2 proteins,Vitamin k

End result in fibrin produced
Begins 30 secs after injury
Can take 8-18 min to complete
Bleeding usually stops after 1-4 mins