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Bio 141 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How are the ICF and ECF charged at the electrical gradient

A

ICF is negative

ECF is positive

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2
Q

How are dendrite and cell body gated?

A

Chemically gated channels

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3
Q

How do chemically gated channels open?

A

The need a specific chemical

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4
Q

How do voltage gated channels open?

A

They need a specific voltage

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5
Q

A graded potential is produced when

A

Depolarization ( more positive than rest)

Hyperpolarization (more negative then rest)

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6
Q

What is the resting voltage

A

-70vm

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7
Q

What are some properties of action potentials

A

Threshold must be reached (-60mv)

Respond is always the same

Cannot be stopped

Unidirectional

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8
Q

After action potential is summoned at hillock then?

A

Action potential begin

Threshold triggers voltage gated channel to open

Axon depolarizers

Axon reaches maximal depolarization

Kt channels close

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9
Q

What is the ratio of soduim to potassium for Na+ K+ pump?

A

2 K+ pumped out 3 Na+ pumped in

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10
Q

Myelination determines?

A

Speed

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11
Q

Relfactory period controls ?

A

One way direction

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12
Q

Unmyelinated is ?

Myelinated is ?

A

Slow but continuous propagation

Fast

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13
Q

What are the causes of demyelination

A

Heavy metal poisoning

Diphtheria (leather disease)

Multiple sclerosis (scarring)

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14
Q

The presynaptic cell is

A

Usually a neuron

Sends chemically info

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15
Q

The events at synapse summary are

A

Action potential reaches axon terminal

Depolarization triggers Ca2+ entry

Ca2+ signals exocytosis of NT

NT crosses cleft

NT binds receptors on post-synaptic

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16
Q

Excitatory post synaptic potential

Inhibitory post synaptic potential

A

Depolarizing stimulus applied

Hyper polarizing stimulus applied

17
Q

What is temporal summation

A

Occurs on a membrane that receives two depolarizing stimuli from same source

18
Q

What is spartial summation

A

Occurs when sources of stimulation active simultaneously but at different directions

19
Q

Afferent

A

Brings SENSORY info TO CNS

20
Q

Efferent

A

brings MOTOR info AWAY for PNS

21
Q

What happens at an action potential

A

All or none response; only occurs f stimulus is strong enough.

Occurs in the axon

Effect is equal across the length of axon

Bio 141 (30 decks)

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