Final 4.1 Flashcards
What does the lymphatic system contain
Lymph (liquid portion)
Lymphatic vessel
Nodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus, bone marrow
What does immunity control
The ability to resist infection from disease
What does a lymph do?
Acts as a second draining system
What does the lymphedema contain
- blockage of lymph duct
- causes interstitial fluid accumulation
- edema and distinction of tissue
- infection risk increase in area
- elephantiasis
What are elephantiasis
- caused by parasite attacking lymph vessels
- marked swelling, skin thickening
What happens if fluids do not drain properly?
Causes lymphedema or swelling
Where are the largest nodes?
Groin, axillae, neck
What usually happening during infection
Swelling
What are characteristics of lymph nodes
- Small lymph organs
- filter lymph before returning fluid to vena cava
- fixed macrophages “big eaters” eat debris and pathogens in lymph fluid
- first step in activating immune system
What does the thymus do
- produces hormones to help mature lymphocytes( T-cells)
- peak in site/ function at 12
What does the spleen do
- function like nodes but filters blood(not lymph)
- RBC graveyard
- tears easy/splenectomy common
What are the large lymphoid nodules
Tonsils
Peyers patches
Appendix
What is are peyers patches
Lymph tissue in digestive system
Where the appendix located
Located along digestive/respiratory/urinary and reproductive tracts (open system)
What’s another term for WBC
Leukocyte a
What’s the way to remember the 5 types of leukocytes
Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
What are the 5 types of leukocytes and where do they come from
Neutrophil Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophil Basophils
Come from bone marrow
What are the 3 classes of lymphocytes
- T-cells; mature in thymus
- B-cells; mature in bone marrow(make antibodies )
- NK (natural killer); float in blood
What are the types of immunity
Inmate (born with it)
Adaptive
What are the characteristics of inmate
-Contains and destroys invaders (7 methods)
Barriers, eating, poke holes, call for back up, turn up the heat
-Genetically determined, same response every time
What’s the characteristics of adaptive immunity
- T & B cells
- what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger
- T-cells specifically target bacteria and virus
- B-cells produce new antibodies for every infection/vaccine
- Never can get the same “cold” twice
What is the lymphatic system responsible for?
For defending pathogens
What is MCH
Protein which displays antigens like a flag on plasma membrane
T-cells kill MCH type 1 or type 2
They kill MCH 1 but not MCH 2
What does MCH consist of
- found on every cell (your cells and pathogens bacteria viruses)
- normally displays “self” antigens
- when infected YOUR cells displays foreign antigens instead of own
What does MCH type 2 consist of
- present antigens of forefinger cells (bacteria or virus)
- signals “kill other cells that have this antigen”
- ONLY ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS HAVE MCH 2
What are the two types of antigen presenting cells
Monocytes (big cells)
Marcophages (big eaters)
How does B-cells and antibodies work?
-chemical attack on bacteria and virus
-antibodies bind to antigens and destroy cells
•very specific
•only ONE antibody/ B-cell
B-cells use MCH 1 or MCH ?
MCH 2
What happens to B-cells that are not used
They turn into memory B-cells which are saved for the next infection
How long does it take for a vaccine to work?
- It takes 1-2 wks for the antibody method of immunity to work the first time (primary response )
- secondary response is much larger and faster b/c of saved memory B-cells
