Test 3.4 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the final stage of the nephron result in

A

Urine

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2
Q

What’s the parts of the nephron

A

Glomerular (Bowmans) capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henel
Distal convoluted tubule

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3
Q

Filtration membrane is _________

A

Semipermeable

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4
Q

Filtration slits between __________ & __________

A

Pedicles of podocytes

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5
Q

What’s net filtration pressure

A

Favors fluid diffusing from capillary to glomerular capsule

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6
Q

What happens to blood during net filtration pressure

A

Blood fluids and solutes are forced out

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7
Q

What happens to proteins and RBCs during net filtration pressure

A

Proteins and RBCs cannot leave capillary (create soo motif pull back)

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8
Q

What does Glomerular Filtration rate

A

Amount of filtrate produced
-125 ml/min
-180 L/day
Driven by BP and flow

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9
Q

How much urine is produced per day

A

1-2 L per day

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10
Q

Where does reabsorption occur

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

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11
Q

What happen at the proximal convoluted tubule

A
60% of filtrate is reabsorbed in PCT
      -ions are Na+, K+, HCO3
99% of nutrients are
      -glucose
      -amino acids
Accomplished with ion gradients and proteins transport
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12
Q

If you are diabetic will you have more or less sugar in your blood

A

More

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13
Q

Is the kidney a place to balance acid?

A

Yes

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14
Q

What does the nephron do?

A

Adjusts filtrate composition in kidneys and reabsorb useful things like

  • water
  • nutrients
  • ions
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15
Q

Loop of henel is ____________

A

Semipermeable

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16
Q

The thin descending loop in the loop of henel is only for?

17
Q

The thick ascending loop in the loop of henel is only for?

A

Solutes ( Na+ and Cl-)

18
Q

What occurs in the loop of henel

A

Countercurrent multiplication

-water follows salt

19
Q

The thin descending limp is?

A

Permeable to water and impermeable to solutes

20
Q

The thick ascending limb is

A

Impermeable to water, active solute transport

21
Q

Where is there high solute concentration

A

Near the tip of renal medulla

22
Q

What are the two types of nephrons

A

Cortical (most of nephrons)

Juxtameduallry (next to renal medulla)

23
Q

What does juxtameduallary prevent you from

A

Dehydration

24
Q

What are the supporting vessels in cortical and juxtameduallary

A

Peritubular capillaries and vasa recta capillaries

25
What are the charactersitics of peritubular capillaries
Observed in both types Normal capillary function Accept reabsorbed filtrate components
26
What's the characteristic of vasa recta capillaries
Only with juxtameduallary nephron loop Specialized to concentrate filtrate -take away reabsorbed substances and transport back to circulation
27
What is urea
Nitrogen waste
28
What's the characteristic of DCT
Only 15-20% of filtrate volume left Composition no longer "blood plasma like" -urea and waste are now main solutes Secretion segment
29
What occurs at the secretion segment of DCT
Drug (penicillin, atropine, morphine) K+, H+, ammonium, ions -H+ removal utilizes carbonic anhydrase reaction hormone
30
Aldosterone stimulates additional ______
Na+ reabsorption
31
Antidiuretic hormone additional ________
Water reabsorption
32
Where is aldosterone made and what is it used for
Made in outer portion of adrenal gland and used for salt balance