Test 3.4 Flashcards
What does the final stage of the nephron result in
Urine
What’s the parts of the nephron
Glomerular (Bowmans) capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henel
Distal convoluted tubule
Filtration membrane is _________
Semipermeable
Filtration slits between __________ & __________
Pedicles of podocytes
What’s net filtration pressure
Favors fluid diffusing from capillary to glomerular capsule
What happens to blood during net filtration pressure
Blood fluids and solutes are forced out
What happens to proteins and RBCs during net filtration pressure
Proteins and RBCs cannot leave capillary (create soo motif pull back)
What does Glomerular Filtration rate
Amount of filtrate produced
-125 ml/min
-180 L/day
Driven by BP and flow
How much urine is produced per day
1-2 L per day
Where does reabsorption occur
Proximal convoluted tubule
What happen at the proximal convoluted tubule
60% of filtrate is reabsorbed in PCT
-ions are Na+, K+, HCO3
99% of nutrients are
-glucose
-amino acids
Accomplished with ion gradients and proteins transportIf you are diabetic will you have more or less sugar in your blood
More
Is the kidney a place to balance acid?
Yes
What does the nephron do?
Adjusts filtrate composition in kidneys and reabsorb useful things like
- water
- nutrients
- ions
Loop of henel is ____________
Semipermeable
The thin descending loop in the loop of henel is only for?
Water
The thick ascending loop in the loop of henel is only for?
Solutes ( Na+ and Cl-)
What occurs in the loop of henel
Countercurrent multiplication
-water follows salt
The thin descending limp is?
Permeable to water and impermeable to solutes
The thick ascending limb is
Impermeable to water, active solute transport
Where is there high solute concentration
Near the tip of renal medulla
What are the two types of nephrons
Cortical (most of nephrons)
Juxtameduallry (next to renal medulla)
What does juxtameduallary prevent you from
Dehydration
What are the supporting vessels in cortical and juxtameduallary
Peritubular capillaries and vasa recta capillaries
What are the charactersitics of peritubular capillaries
Observed in both types
Normal capillary function
Accept reabsorbed filtrate components
What’s the characteristic of vasa recta capillaries
Only with juxtameduallary nephron loop
Specialized to concentrate filtrate
-take away reabsorbed substances and transport back to circulation
What is urea
Nitrogen waste
What’s the characteristic of DCT
Only 15-20% of filtrate volume left
Composition no longer “blood plasma like”
-urea and waste are now main solutes
Secretion segment
What occurs at the secretion segment of DCT
Drug (penicillin, atropine, morphine)
K+, H+, ammonium, ions
-H+ removal utilizes carbonic anhydrase reaction hormone
Aldosterone stimulates additional ______
Na+ reabsorption
Antidiuretic hormone additional ________
Water reabsorption
Where is aldosterone made and what is it used for
Made in outer portion of adrenal gland and used for salt balance
