Test 4 Extra multiple choice questions

Question 1

Proteins ingested are broken down into polypeptide chains by ___, while ____ breaks the polypeptide chains into smaller amino acid molecules.

1. lipase, amylase
2. acetylcholinesterase, DNase
3. trypsinogen, gastrin
4. pepsin, peptidase

Answer 1

4. pepsin, peptidase

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding nephrons?

i. it is found only in the medulla
ii. proximal convoluted tubule is impermeable to water and other solutes
iii. the loop of Henle helps to conserve water & solutes & can be either cortical or juxtamedullary
iv. consists of the proximal & distal convoluted tubules

Answer 2

iii & iv

Question 3

Ions such as K, CA, Mg, crosses the membrane of small intestinal epithelial cells via

1. active transport
2. osmotic gradient
3. passive transport
4. ions are not transported

Answer 3

1. active transport

Question 4

Which of the following are functions of the liver?

i. detoxification, storage
ii. phagocytosis, ADH regulation
iii. bile production, blood glucose regulation
iv. red blood cell production, food breakdown

a. i & ii
b. iii & iv
c. i & iii
d. ii & iv

Answer 4

c. i & iii

i. detoxification, storage
iii. bile production, blood glucose regulation

Question 5

___ is a mixture of lipoprotein molecules (made by the type II pheumocytes) that forms a layer over the surface of the fluid w/in the alveoli to decrease the surface tension

1. chylomicron
2. salivary juices
3. mucous
4. surfacant

Answer 5

4. surfacant

Question 6

The tendency for the lungs to decrease in size as they are stretched (when the alveoli decrease in size) is

1. lung contraction
2. lung recoil
3. lung elasticity
4. lung relaxation

Answer 6

2. lung recoil

Question 7

Flow is equal to the change in pressure within the vessel @ different points divided by the resistance to flow is known as

1. Poiselle’s Law
2. Henry’s Law
3. Barbara’s Law
4. Boyle’s Law

Answer 7

1. Poiselle’s Law

Question 8

The respiratory system is responsible for

1. gas exchange & regulation of blood pH
2. voice production
3. olfaction
4. protection

a. all are right
b. none are right
c. 1 & 2
d. 1 only

Answer 8

a. all are right

1. gas exchange & regulation of blood pH
2. voice production
3. olfaction
4. protection

Question 9

Pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of a given container (P= k/V), this is

1. Poiselle’s Law
2. Henry’s Law
3. Boyle’s Law

Answer 9

3. Boyle’s Law

Question 10

If the partial pressure of a gas in air is greater than in the liquid, gas molecules diffuse into liquid

1. Poiselle’s Law
2. Henry’s Law
3. Boyle’s Law

Answer 10

2. Henry’s Law

Question 11

If the osmolality of the blood & interstitial fluid increase, they stimulate____ to ____ the ADH-secreting neurons, which sends action potential to the ____ where axons release ____.

1. mechanoreceptors, decrease activity of, anterior pituitary, CRH
2. baroreceptors, increase activity of, adrenal cortex
3. chemoreceptors, decrease activity of, anterior pituitary, ACTH
4. osmoreceptors, increase activity of, posterior pituitary, ADH

Answer 11

4. osmoreceptors, increase activity of, posterior pituitary, ADH

Question 12

In the cephalic phase of digestion regulation

1. the presence of food in the stomach initiates this phase of regulation
2. taste & smell causes parasympathetic stimulation of the stomach mucosa resulting in the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
3. acetylcholine increases the secretory activity of both the parietal & the chief cells & stimulates the secretion of gastrin & histamine from endocrine cells
4. 2 & 3 are correct

Answer 12

4. 2 & 3 are correct
5. taste & smell causes parasympathetic stimulation of the stomach mucosa resulting in the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
6. acetylcholine increases the secretory activity of both the parietal & the chief cells & stimulates the secretion of gastrin & histamine from endocrine cells

Question 13

___ covers the inner thoracic wall & the ___ covers the inner surface of the lungs.

Answer 13

parietal & visceral

Question 14

During the intestinal phase of digestion regulation

1. chemoreceptors in the duodenum are stimulated by lipids, action potentials are carried by the vagus nerve to the medulla where the inhibit parasymp action
2. local reflexes activated by H lipids will also inhibit gastric sections
3. secretin & cholecystokinin decrease gastric secretion in the stomach
4. distension stimulates mechanoreceptors

a. 1 & 2
b. 1, 2, 3
c. all of the above
d. none of the above

Answer 14

b. 1, 2, 3

Question 15

In the digestive tissue, the ___ is the innermost layer, ___ is a thick connective tissue layer containing nerves, blood vessels, lymphatic vessel & small glands, ___ consist of an inner layer of circular smooth muscle & an outer layer of longitudinal smooth muscle, & ___ 4th outermost layer of digestive tract lacking ENS.

Answer 15

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serous/adventitia

Question 16

In the collecting ducts, ADH ___ water reabsorption

1. decreases
2. increases
3. has no affect
4. has very little affect

Answer 16

1. increases

Question 17

___ is a very hard, nonliving, acellular substance that protects the tooth against abrasion & acids made by bacteria in the mouth; ___ is the center of the tooth, filled with blood vessels, nerves & connective tissue

Answer 17

enamel & pulp cavity

Question 18

What are the 4 pairs of muscles needed to move the mandible during mastication?

Answer 18

1. masseter
2. medial pterygoid
3. lateral pterygoid
4. temporalis

Question 19

___ regulates the movement of material into/out of the esophagus.

Answer 19

upper and lower esophageal sphincter

Question 20

As AHN increases, urine volume ___ resulting in ___ blood volume & pressure.

Answer 20

increase, decrease

Question 21

Decrease sectretion of aldosterone ___ the rate of Na+ reabsorption.

Answer 21

decreases

Question 22

The renal corpuscle consists of

1. collective duct & the descending loop of Henle
2. Bowman capsule and glomerulus
3. ascending loop of Henle & renal capsule
4. just a thin layer of mucous membrane

Answer 22

2. Bowman capsule and glomerulus