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A & P second semester > Lab Endocrine System > Flashcards

Lab Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

10 major Endocrine glands

A
  1. hypothalamus
  2. pituitary gland
  3. pineal gland
  4. thyroid
  5. parathyroid gland
  6. thymus
  7. adrenal gland
  8. pancreas
  9. ovaries
  10. testes
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2
Q

Name the hormone in the Pineal gland

A

melatonin

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3
Q

Melatonin: Name target site AND effect

A

TS: inhibits hormones in the hypothalamus

E: regulates circadian rhythm

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4
Q

Anterior Pituitary is also known as:

A

Adenohypophysis

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5
Q

The Anterior Pituitary Gland releases 7 hormones. Name them.

A
  1. Growth Hormone (GH)
  2. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
  3. Prolactin (PRL)
  4. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
  5. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
  6. Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)
  7. Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
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6
Q 
Anterior Pituitary
Growth Hormone (GH): Name target site AND effect
A

TS: tissues and most cells

E: growth

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7
Q

Anterior Pituitary
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: thyroid

E: produce thyroid hormones

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8
Q

Anterior Pituitary
Prolactin (PRL):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: mammory glands

E: begins production of milk

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9
Q

Anterior Pituitary
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: gonads, sex cells

E: production of sex cells: ovaries to develop eggs, testes to develop spermatoza

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10
Q

Anterior Pituitary
Luteinizing Hormone (LH):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: ovaries and testes

E: produce progesterone and testosterone

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11
Q

Anterior Pituitary
Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: adrenal cortex

E: hormone production

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12
Q

Anterior Pituitary
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: skin and hair

E: produce melanin and increases production during pregnancy

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13
Q

Posterior Pituitary is also called what?

A

Neurohypophysis

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14
Q

The Posterior Pituitary releases 2 hormones. Name them.

A
  1. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

2. Oxytocin (OT)

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15
Q

Posterior Pituitary
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: kidneys

E: reabsorption and retention of water

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16
Q

Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin (OT):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: mammory glands

E: release of milk; contracts uterus

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17
Q

Thyroid releases 3 hormones. Name them

A
  1. triiodonthyronine (T3)
  2. thyroxine (T4)
  3. calcitonin (CT)
18
Q

Thyroid
triiodothyronine (T3)
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: most cells of the body

E: increase metabolic rates

19
Q

Thyroid
thyroxine (T4):
Name target site and effect

A

TS: most cells of the body

E: increase metabolic rates

20
Q

Thyroid
calcitonin (CT):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: bones

E: decrease osteoclast activity

21
Q

Parathyroid releases what hormone?

A

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

22
Q 
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH):
Name target site AND effect
A

TS: bone, kidney, small intestine

E: increase in calcium absorption

23
Q

Thymus releases what hormone?

A

Thymosin

24
Q

Thymosin:

Name target site AND effect

A

TS: T cells - - > lymph nodes and spleen

E: provide immunity against antigens

25
Q

Pancreas releases what 2 hormones?

A
  1. beta cell: Insulin IN

2. alpha cell: GLUC

26
Q

The hormones within the pancreas are contained in what structure?

A

Islets of Langerhans

27
Q

Pancreas
Insulin (IN):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue

E: increase uptake and use of glucose and amino acids

28
Q

Pancreas
GLUC (alpha cell):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: liver

E: release of glucose into circulation

29
Q

Name the 2 parts to the adrenal gland.

A

Adrenal Cortex AND Adrenal Medulla

30
Q

Name the 2 hormones of the adrenal cortex.

A
  1. Aldosterone (ALD)

2. Cortisol (CORT)

31
Q

Adrenal Cortex
Aldosterone (ALD)
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: kidney

E: enhanced water absorption

32
Q

Adrenal Cortex
Cortisol (CORT)
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: most tissue

E: increase protein and lipid breakdown, inhibits immune response and decreased inflammation

33
Q

Name the 2 hormones of the adrenal medulla.

A
  1. Epinephrine (EP)

2. Norepinephrine (NE)

34
Q

Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine (EP) and Norepinephrine (NE):
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: heart, blood vessels, liver, adipose tissue

E: prepare for physical activity (increase heart pumping, increase blood flow, etc).

35
Q

Name 3 hormones of the ovaries

A
  1. estrogen
  2. progesterone
  3. relaxin
36
Q

Ovary
Estrogen AND Progesterone:
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: most cells

E: uterine/mammory development, development of genitalia and secondary sex characteristics

37
Q

Ovary
Relaxin:
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: connective tissue

E: increases flexibility in pelvic area, especially pubis symphysis

38
Q

Name the hormone in the Testes.

A

Testosterone

39
Q

Testes
Testosterone:
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: most cells

E: sperm, development of genitalia, maintains sex organs

40
Q

Name the hormone in the kidney.

A

Erthropoietin (EPO)

41
Q

Kidney
Erthropoietin:
Name target site AND effect

A

TS: bone marrow

E: red blood cell production

A & P second semester (15 decks)

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