Test 4 Flashcards
In high altitude conditions the percentage of oxygen ________
Remains constant
In conditions of high altitude partial pressure of oxygen _______
Decreases
Effect of altitude on solar radiation? Temperature? Vapor pressure?
Increases
Decreases
Decreases
What is the pulmonary and chemoreceptors response to high altitude
Pulmonary-increased rate and depth of ventilation
Chemoreceptors- are stimulated by low PO2
Effects of altitude on the pressure gradient for oxygen exchange
It decreases
Acute physiologic effects of high altitude exposure
Decreased plasma volume
Decreased water
Increased urination
Increased hematocrit
Chronic physiologic effects of high altitude exposure
Increased blood volume
Increased # blood cells
Increased plasma volume
Increased oxygen carrying capacity
Physiologic response in variables such as stroke volume, HR, Q
Increased
Increased
Increased
What’s happens to VO2 max during maximal/exhaustive exercise at high altitude
It decreases
What type of sports are enhanced at high altitudes
Sprinting
Jumping
Throwing activities
What sports suffer at high altitudes
Endurance activities
What are the effects on anaerobic events lasting less than two minutes
They are not impaired
What are the effects on metabolism, body weight, appetite at high altitudes
Increased
Decreased
Decreased
What is the substrate that the body relies on during exercise compared to at rest
Carbohydrates
Living at high altitudes, training at low altitudes. What effect on performance?
It improves performance at sea level
What are the training strategies for competing at high altitude
Train 2-3 weeks to be fully acclimated
What are the signs of acute mountain sickness
Headache Impaired vision Insomnia Nausea Interrupted breathing pattern
What is the type of training an athlete would undertake between competitive season or during active rest
Under training
What term is known when the athlete is stressing the body to improve physiological function and performance
Acute overload
What term is known as the brief period of heavy overload without adequate recovery
Overreaching
Why is the term at the point which an athlete experiences mak adoptions and chronic decline in performance
Overtraining
What term is the reducing of intensity and volume of training to allow your body to repair
Tapering
Partial or complete loss of training
Detraining
Effects of sympathetic overtraining
Increased resting HR Increased rest BP Decrease appetite Decreased body mass Increased RMR
Effects of parasympathetic overtraining
Fatigue
Decrease resting HR
Rapid HR recovery after exercise
Decrease resting BP
How do you detect overtraining
Look for higher HR response to a fixed pace exercise bout
What are the effects of tapering
Increased strength, power and performance
What are the effects of detaining on muscle strength and aerobic endurance
Loss of muscle strength
Huge loss of aerobic endurance
Effects of bed rest on cardiovascular variables and the effects on muscle strength
Increased sub max HR Decreased SV Decreased Maximal Q Decreased VO2 max Decreased plasma volume Decreased strength
What are the recommended number of days a week and intensity level of exercise recommended to maintain aerobic conditioning
3 times a week
What are the recommended % of carbs, far, and protein intake in a daily athletic diet
Carbs: 55-60%
Fat: 35%
Protein: 10-15%
What substrate provides the major source of energy during high intensity exercise
Carbohydrates
What are carbohydrates loading and effects on time to exhaustion
It improves performance and it increases time to exhaustion
What is the recommended amount of carbohydrate intake per day for an athlete undergoing high intensity training
10-13 g/kg
What is an indicator of the blood glucose response to the ingestion of a particular food
Glycemic index
What is the carbohydrate intake before, during and after exercise
Before: rebound hypoglycemia
During: improves exercise and enhances CNS function
After: Improves glycogen rest thesis
Increasing the use of fat as fuel during exercise may….
Enhance endurance performance
What is the recommended amount of protein intake that a strength training athlete needs in their daily diet
1.6-1.7
Fat soluble vitamins
A
D
E
K
Water soluble vitamins
B
C
Has vitamin supplementation been proven by research to improve athletic performance
No
What is the effect of excessive intake of vitamins and minerals
Will not improve performance as may be dangerous
At what % body weight will dehydration begin to affect performance
2%
What % carbohydrate do most sport drinks contain
6-8%
