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EXSC 310 > Ch. 8 > Flashcards

Ch. 8 Flashcards

0
Q

HR eventually reaches a max, even as a workload ____

A

Increases

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1
Q

HR ____ proportionally to exercise intensity

A

Increases

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2
Q

HR ___~1 beat per year

A

Decreases

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3
Q

HR max =

A

208-(0.7x age in years)

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4
Q

For each ____ in workload, HR will ____ to a new steady state value in ______ minutes

A

Increase
Increase
2-3

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5
Q

Exercise training ______ steady state heart rate for a given sub maximal workload

A

Decreases

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6
Q

Steady state heart rate is a good predictor of _______ level

A

Fitness

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7
Q

Stroke volume is the Volume of blood expelled by the _____ ventricle during each _______ (beat)

A

Left

Contraction

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8
Q

Four factors that determine SV:

  1. The volume of _____ blood ____ to the heart (preload)
  2. Ventricular distensibility
  3. Ventricular ________
  4. Aortic or pulmonary artery pressure (_____)
A

Venous Returned
Contractibility
Afterload

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9
Q

SV is the major determinant of cardiorespiratory ________________

A

Endurance capacity (VO2 max)

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10
Q

SV _____ with ____ work rate, plateaus at _______% of VO2 max

A

Increases
Increasing
40-60

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11
Q

SV is influenced by body ______ due to _____ differences in venous return to the heart (SV ______ in supine or prone position (lying horizontal) due to _____ elimination

A

Position
Postural
Increases
Gravity

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12
Q

Frank Starling mechanism: an _____ volume of blood enters the ventricle (EDV), causing it to _______, and consequently it contracts with more _____

A

Increase
Stretch
Force

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13
Q

Increased SV during exercise

_______ stimulation

A

Sympathetic

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14
Q

Increased SV during exercise

Decreased peripheral _______ due to ___ ________ to active muscles

A

Resistance

Increased vasodilation

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15
Q

Cardiac output resting value is _____ L/m

A

5

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16
Q

In cardiac output ______ with increasing exercise intensity up to ~ ______ L/m

A

Increases

20 to 40

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17
Q

On cardiac output plasma volume and RBC volume _____ with ________ training

A

Increases

Endurance

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18
Q

In BP response during exercise systolic blood pressure ________

A

Increases

19
Q

Diastolic blood pressure ______ ____ ____ significantly during exercise or may slightly ______

A

Does not change

Decrease

20
Q

BP responses can be as high as ______ mmHg during static exercise

A

480/350

21
Q

With _____ aerobic exercise and/or exercise in ____ environments, at a constant exercise intensity, there is a gradual _______ in stroke volume and an increase in ______

A

Prolonged
Hot
Decrease
Heart rate

22
Q

_______% reduction in blood volume from sweating

A

10-15

23
Q

Plasma moves from the blood to the _________ space

A

Interstitial

24
Q

PV is lost through sweat, especially in ____ environment

A

Hot

25
Q

______% reduction in PV with prolonged exercise

A

10-15

26
Q

PV loss is proportional to ______ with resistance exercise

A

Intensity

27
Q

Excessive PV loss can result in impaired _______

A

Performance

28
Q

PV loss results in hemoconcentration ( a reduction in the ______ component of the blood)

A

Fluid

29
Q

______: shortness of breath

A

Dyspnea

30
Q 
Dyspnea is often associated with:
\_\_\_\_\_ conditioning
Inability to readjust the blood \_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_ of respiratory muscles
Inability to reestablish normal \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A

Poor
PCO2 H+
Fatigue
Homeostasis

31
Q

_________: an increase in ventilation that exceeds the metabolic need for oxygen

A

Hyperventilation

32
Q

______ maneuver: a breathing technique where air is trapped in the _____ against a closed ____\, increases intra-____ pressure

A

Valsalva
Lungs
Glottis
Abdominal

33
Q

Valsalva maneuver

Reduced venous ______
______ pressure in the chest cavity
Dizziness and _______

A

Return
Increased
Fainting

34
Q

The ratio between ________ and ____ ( the amount of O3 consumed by the tissues)

A

Ve (volume of air expired)

VO2

35
Q

Ventilatory equivalent for O2 indicates breathing ______

A

Economy

36
Q

Generally ________ remains relatively _____ over a wide range of exercise levels

A

Ve/VO2

Constant

37
Q

In exercise induced arterial hypoxemia during exercise near their ______, the ____ athlete may experience limited ______ due to lack of ____ perfusion in the _____

A 
VO2 max 
Elite 
Performance 
O2
Lungs
38
Q

Pulmonary ventilation is _______ _____ a limiting factor for performance in the ______ athlete

A

Usually not

Average

39
Q

Examples of buffers: _______ inorganic phosphates, _______, hemoglobin

A

Bicarbonate

Proteins

40
Q

Acidosis: _____ pH

A

Low

41
Q

Alkalosis: _____ pH

A

High

42
Q

Tolerable limits of arterial blood pH: _________

A

6.9-7.5

43
Q

Regulating pH

  1. _____ _____ in the blood
  2. _____ ______: short term, increased ____ concentrations stimulate respiratory centers to remove _____
  3. Renal (kidneys): ____ term
A 
Chemical buffers
Pulmonary ventilation 
H+ 
CO2 
Long
44
Q

Recovery of blood lactate to resting levels is facilitated by continued ________ exercise such as _____ (______ recovery)

A

Low intensity
Walking
Active

EXSC 310 (19 decks)

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