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EXSC 310 > Ch. 16 > Flashcards

Ch. 16 Flashcards

1
Q

_______: any substance or phenomenon that has detrimental effects on performance

A

Ergolytic agent

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2
Q

_______: an effect produced by the subjects expectations after given an inactive substance

A

Placebo effect

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3
Q

Proven effects of caffeine

A 
Increased mental alertness 
Increased concentration 
Elevated mood 
Fatigue and delayed onset
Lower reaction time
Increased catecholamine release
Increased FFA mobilization 
Increase use of muscle triglycerides
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4
Q

Beta blockers are used to do what

A

Lower HR

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5
Q

What are the risks to caffeine

A 
Nervousness 
Restlessness
Insomnia 
Headache 
Gastrointestinal problems 
Tremors
Dehydration
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6
Q

How many mg of caffeine is recommended 45-60 min before exercise

A

200-300 mg

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7
Q

Diuretics increase ______ production and excretion to decrease ______

A

Urine

BP

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8
Q

______: any substance or phenomenon that enhances performance

A

Ergogenic Aid

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9
Q

What is used for weight reduction and to mask other drugs during drug testing

A

Diuretics

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10
Q

What are the proven effects for diuretics

A

Significant temporary weight loss

Decreased aerobic capacity

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11
Q

What are the risks of diuretics

A 
Decreased Thermoregulation
Electrolyte imbalance 
Fatigue
Muscle cramping 
Exhaustion 
Cardiac arrhythmias
Cardiac arrest
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12
Q

Proven effects of anabolic steroids

A

Increased body mass and fat free mass
Increased total body potassium and nitrogen
Increased muscle size
Increased strength

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13
Q

Risks of anabolic steroids

A 
Testicular atrophy 
Reduced sperm count 
Prostate and breast enlargement-men
Breast regression,menstrual disruption
Personality change
Liver damage
Cardiovascular disease
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14
Q

Prove effects of growth hormone

A

Increase fat free mass
Decrease fat mass
Increased bone density

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15
Q

Risks of growth hormone

A 
Acromegaly
Cardiomyopathy 
Glucose intolerance 
Diabetes
Hypertension
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16
Q

What helps increase the total volume of red blood cells

A

Blood doping

17
Q

What are the proven effects of blood doping

A

Increased VO2 max
Increased time to exhaustion
Increased performance time in endurance events

18
Q

What are the risks of blood doping

A 
Increased blood viscosity 
Blood clotting
Heart failure 
Blood matching error 
Hepatitis 
HIV
19
Q

What is the natural hormone produced by the kidney to stimulate RBC production

A

Erythropoietin (EPO)

20
Q

What is the proven effects of EPO

A

Increased hemoglobin concentration
Increased hematocrit
Increased VO2 max
Increased treadmill time

21
Q

What are the risks of EPO

A

Increased blood viscosity
Thrombosis
Pulmonary embolism

22
Q

What are the proven effects of oxygen supplementation

A

Enhances performance

Decreases peak blood lactate concentrations

23
Q

What are the risks of oxygen supplementation

A

No serious risks to the body

O2 tank flammable

24
Q

What is the natural part of body’s buffering system to maintain normal pH

A

Bicarbonate

25
Q

Proven effects of bicarbonate

A

Increases performance in all out exercise lasting between 1-7 minutes

26
Q

What are the risks of bicarbonate

A

Gastrointestinal cramping
Bloating
Diarrhea

27
Q

Branched chained amino acids effects

A

Increases endurance performance by delaying fatigue

28
Q

Glutamine effects

A

Decreased muscle recovery time
Improves immune function
Helps heal wounds

29
Q

Creatine is a component of ____

A

ATP

30
Q

Creatine increases muscle _______ content in most individuals

A

PCr

31
Q

By using creatine, exercise performance in shirt periods of intense, high_____ output activity can be _______, particularly with repeated bouts

A

Power

Enhanced

32
Q

Max isometric ______, rate of maximal ____ production, and aerobic ______ are NOT enhanced by creatine supplementation

A

Strength
Force
Capacity

33
Q

What should you never take before exercise

A

Energy drinks

34
Q

Effects of energy drinks

A

Dehydration
Strain on heart
Anxiety attacks
Insomnia

EXSC 310 (19 decks)

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