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Semester 2 Microbiology > Test 3- Chapter 22 > Flashcards

Test 3- Chapter 22 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

these play a role in adaptive immunity

A

lymphocytes

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2
Q

what type of properties do T cells have

A

cytotoxic properties

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3
Q

these produce antibodies by plasma cells

A

B cells

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4
Q

what are the two types of lymphocytes

A

T cells and B cells

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5
Q

the clear fluid surrounding tissue cells and filling intercellular spaces

A

lymph

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6
Q

this system maintains and distributes lymph and lymphocytes

A

lymphatic system

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7
Q

what are the PRIMARY lymphoid tissues

A

thymus and bone marrow

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8
Q

T cells mature here but form in bone marrow

A

thymus

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9
Q

B cells form and mature here

A

bone marrow

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10
Q

what are the SECONDARY lymphoid tissues

A

lymphoid

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11
Q

what are the two types of adaptive immunity

A

humoral immunity/antibody mediated immunity and cell mediated immunity

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12
Q

destroys pathogens by producing specific antibodies against antigens

A

humoral immunity/antibody mediated immunity

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13
Q

destroys pathogens via cell lysis by cytokines

A

cell mediated immunity

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14
Q

interferons, interleukins, and chemokine are what

A

cytokines

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15
Q

who produces cytokines

A

macrophages

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16
Q

what mediates humoral immunity

A

B cells

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17
Q

humoral immunity forms these

A

antibodies

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18
Q

why are antibodies made in humoral immunity

A

to identify antigens

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19
Q

who mediates cell mediated immunity

A

T cells

20
Q

does cell mediated immunity form antibodies

A

no

21
Q

why are receptors made in cell mediated immunity

A

to identify antigens

22
Q

how many ways are there in adaptive immunity that can recognize and eliminate pathogens

A

4

23
Q

must be highly specific to an antigen on a pathogen

A

specificity

24
Q

microbe parts to specificity that provoke an immune response

A

antigens

25
Q

any molecule that our body recognizes as nonself

A

antigen

26
Q

the immune system recognizes unique _________ that then combine with immune cells or antibodies

A

epitopes

27
Q

regions on the antigen that get picked up by the pathogen

A

epitopes

28
Q

this process in adaptive immunity detects what is self and what is a threat

A

tolerance of self

29
Q

these prevent other T cells from attacking self cells through immune suppression

A

regulatory T cells

30
Q

what occurs when self tolerance breaks down

A

autoimmune diseases

31
Q

this process in adaptive immunity has the ability to produce memory cells that engage on a pathogen for a second time

A

immunological memory

32
Q

this is the ability to remember past pathogen exposures

A

immunological memory

33
Q

this process in adaptive immunity over activates immune responses in anaphylactic shock

A

minimal self damage

34
Q

when do allergic responses occur

A

during minimal self damage

35
Q

when is our immune system able to control and do little damage

A

during minimal self damage

36
Q

where do B cells function

A

humoral immunity

37
Q

what are the two steps to humoral immunity

A

activation of B cells and production of antibodies against the antigen

38
Q

this colonizes secondary lymphoid tissues following maturation in the bone marrow

A

activation of B cells

39
Q

once B cells are activated what do they produce

A

antibodies

40
Q

B cells recognize _______________ by surface receptors anchored in the plasma membrane

A

epitopes

41
Q

how many receptors are there per B cells

A

one

42
Q

binding of an epitope causes a B cell to differentiate into ____________ and secrete antibodies

A

a plasma cell

43
Q

once B cells are activated with receptors, it proliferates, making what

A

multiples clones of itself

44
Q

what do B cells develop into

A

either plasma cells or memory cells

45
Q
A

Semester 2 Microbiology (15 decks)

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