Test 3- Chapter 22 Flashcards
these play a role in adaptive immunity
lymphocytes
what type of properties do T cells have
cytotoxic properties
these produce antibodies by plasma cells
B cells
what are the two types of lymphocytes
T cells and B cells
the clear fluid surrounding tissue cells and filling intercellular spaces
lymph
this system maintains and distributes lymph and lymphocytes
lymphatic system
what are the PRIMARY lymphoid tissues
thymus and bone marrow
T cells mature here but form in bone marrow
thymus
B cells form and mature here
bone marrow
what are the SECONDARY lymphoid tissues
lymphoid
what are the two types of adaptive immunity
humoral immunity/antibody mediated immunity and cell mediated immunity
destroys pathogens by producing specific antibodies against antigens
humoral immunity/antibody mediated immunity
destroys pathogens via cell lysis by cytokines
cell mediated immunity
interferons, interleukins, and chemokine are what
cytokines
who produces cytokines
macrophages
what mediates humoral immunity
B cells
humoral immunity forms these
antibodies
why are antibodies made in humoral immunity
to identify antigens
who mediates cell mediated immunity
T cells
does cell mediated immunity form antibodies
no
why are receptors made in cell mediated immunity
to identify antigens
how many ways are there in adaptive immunity that can recognize and eliminate pathogens
4
must be highly specific to an antigen on a pathogen
specificity
microbe parts to specificity that provoke an immune response
antigens
any molecule that our body recognizes as nonself
antigen
the immune system recognizes unique _________ that then combine with immune cells or antibodies
epitopes
regions on the antigen that get picked up by the pathogen
epitopes
this process in adaptive immunity detects what is self and what is a threat
tolerance of self
these prevent other T cells from attacking self cells through immune suppression
regulatory T cells
what occurs when self tolerance breaks down
autoimmune diseases
this process in adaptive immunity has the ability to produce memory cells that engage on a pathogen for a second time
immunological memory
this is the ability to remember past pathogen exposures
immunological memory
this process in adaptive immunity over activates immune responses in anaphylactic shock
minimal self damage
when do allergic responses occur
during minimal self damage
when is our immune system able to control and do little damage
during minimal self damage
where do B cells function
humoral immunity
what are the two steps to humoral immunity
activation of B cells and production of antibodies against the antigen
this colonizes secondary lymphoid tissues following maturation in the bone marrow
activation of B cells
once B cells are activated what do they produce
antibodies
B cells recognize _______________ by surface receptors anchored in the plasma membrane
epitopes
how many receptors are there per B cells
one
binding of an epitope causes a B cell to differentiate into ____________ and secrete antibodies
a plasma cell
once B cells are activated with receptors, it proliferates, making what
multiples clones of itself
what do B cells develop into
either plasma cells or memory cells
