Test 2: quiz Flashcards
Which of the following is an example of passive, naturally acquired immunity? Vaccination Infection Colostrum Ingestion Anti-toxin therapy
Colostrum Ingestion
Which of the following is a typical characteristic of a killed vaccine?
Typically require booster vaccines
Adjuvants are not needed.
Very sensitive to handling issues.
Easily spread from animal to animal in herds.
Typically require booster vaccines
Which are NOT a chemical mediators of inflammation (mark ALL that are NOT Correct):
Neutrophil granule cationic proteins increase vascular permeability
Oxygen-Derived Free Radicals
red blood cell proteins
collagen production driving fibrosis
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
red blood cell proteins
collagen production driving fibrosis
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Histamine is a product of mast cells basophils and platelets (True or False)
True
What are the features of granulomatous inflammation. (mark ALL that are correct)
structures that form when foreign material is too large to be phagocytosed
structures that form around insoluble or poorly soluble particles in the body
development of excess collagen leading to a fibrotic scar
tumor development
excess epithelial cell growth
structures that form when foreign material is too large to be phagocytosed
structures that form around insoluble or poorly soluble particles in the body
development of excess collagen leading to a fibrotic scar
Chemical mediators of inflammation fall into two broad categories that are vasoactive mediators and chemotactic factors (True or False)
true
Immune-privilege is achieved through:
Mechanisms able to promote graft destruction.
Complete suppression of immune responses.
Induction of systemic tolerance.
Activation of inflammatory T cell responses.
All of Choices are CORRECT
Induction of systemic tolerance.
Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation is a mechanism that suppresses the activation of effector T cells: (True or False)
True
Peyer’s Patches are organized lymphoid structures in the small intestine. Which of these statements is NOT true of Peyer’s patch physiology?
They first appear during fetal development but expand following birth
They lack the presence of M cells
They are an important part of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)
They are potential sites of invasion by intestinal pathogens
They contain B cells in follicles and T cells in T cell zones.
They lack the presence of M cells
Communication between commensal bacteria and the mucosal immune system is essential for normal gut functioning. The evidence that support this idea is
Antibiotic treatment or genetic deficiency in innate immune signaling increases susceptibility colitis
microbial products are important for T cell receptor and B cell receptor rearrangement
animals raised in a germ-free environment or treated with antibiotics are protected from colitis
microbial products are necessary for development of dendritic cells and neutrophils
microbial products are necessary for development of macrophages and B cells
Antibiotic treatment or genetic deficiency in innate immune signaling increases susceptibility colitis
Adaptive immunity is represented in the following animal species
Only vertebrate species
Both in vertebrate and invertebrate species
In all vertebrates except mouthless fish (i.e., lampreys)
Only in warm-blooded species
All of the Choices are CORRECT
Only vertebrate species
Lampreys are the most ancient living vertebrates containing:
Adaptive immunity represented by immunoglobulins
Adaptive immunity represented by Variable Lymphocyte Receptors (VLRs)
Lampreys do not develop adaptive immune responses to pathogens
Lampreys only respond to pathogens through innate immune responses
All CHOICES are incorrect
Adaptive immunity represented by Variable Lymphocyte Receptors (VLRs)
Do teleost fish develop mucosal immune responses
Is that a joke?
Absolutely, and IgT is their main mucosal immunoglobulin
Absolutely, and IgM is their main mucosal immunoglobulin
Absolutely and IgD is their main mucosal immunoglobulin
All CHOICES are incorrect
Absolutely, and IgT is their main mucosal immunoglobulin
If you have a fish farm in Norway (cold in winter and autumn!), which season would you choose to vaccinate fish? Fish don’t get vaccinated, come on! Winter The warmest season Autumn All of the Choices are CORRECT
The warmest season
