test 1 lecture 1

Question 1

variolation

Answer 1

inoculation, crust of small pox and scratched into healthy person→ intensional infection

1-40 people died

Question 2

vaccination started with

Answer 2

exposure to cow pox made you “immune” to small pox

vacca = cow

Question 3

SARS- CoV-2

Answer 3

spike protein binds to ACE2

which is used in the renin- angiotensin system (decreased blood pressure triggers renin → angiotensin → increased blood pressure)

endocytosis or fusion then releases RNA → mRNA → proteins → new virus particles

ACE2 on type II alveolar cells

Question 4

tropism

Answer 4

where a virus can attach-

were there are receptors for a specific thing

covid binds to ACE2 on type II alveolar cells in the lungs

Question 5

immunity is the protection against ___ & maintaining a healthy community of cells

Answer 5

pathogens

Question 6

primary lymphoid tissues

Answer 6

where immune cells develop

bone marrow

thymus

Question 7

___ are primary lymphoid tissues

Answer 7

bone marrow

thymus

(where immune cells develop)

Question 8

secondary lymphoid tissues are ___

Answer 8

places where immune cells organize for response

lymph nodes and spleen

Question 9

examples of secondary lymphoid tissues are

Answer 9

lymph nodes and spleen

Question 10

circulatory system of the immune system

Answer 10

lymphatic vessels

blood vessels

Question 11

where do T cells finish development

Answer 11

thymus

Question 12

white cells come from ___

Answer 12

hematopoietic stem cell

Question 13

the two groups of white blood cells

Answer 13

myeloid (innate)

lymphoid (adaptive)

Question 14

___ are examples of myeloid white blood cells

Answer 14

myeloid = innate immune system

Question 15

___ are examples of lymphoid white blood cells

Answer 15

Question 16

two types of adaptive response

Answer 16

humoral (antibodies)- B cells in plasma

cell mediated- helper T (memory), cytotoxic T cells and NK cells (kill infected cells)

Question 17

primary vs secondary response of adaptive immune system

Answer 17

body will react faster and harder to 2nd infection

Question 18

primary response and secondary response of innate immune response

Answer 18

reacts the same to every time you are infected

reacts almost immediately to infection

Question 19

immune response 101

Answer 19

epithelial barrier will react to pathogen by sending signals to innate immune cells

innate immune cells will find and eat the pathogen

send signals to recruit help (neutrophils), put part of pathogen on their surface with MHC complex and move to lymph node

T cell will see pathogen it recognizes and replicate and make B and T cells and help kill pathogen