test 2 pt.2

Question 1

in the p wave..

Answer 1

the atria is contracting; sending the electrical impulse

depolarization

Question 2

pr segment

Answer 2

identifies the isoelectric line; impulse is traveling

Question 3

pr interval

Answer 3

length of time the impulse is being sent from sa node to perkinges fibers; shouldn’t be longer than .20seconds

Question 4

t wave

Answer 4

repolarization of ventricles

Question 5

st segment should

Answer 5

come back to baseline

Question 6

is st segment goes up what does this mean

Answer 6

MI; injury

Question 7

u wave can represent

Answer 7

hypokalemia; low potassium

Question 8

av node is the

Answer 8

gatekeeper. holds onto impulse for atrium to do one last squeeze which is 25% of cardiac output

Question 9

t wave inversion

Answer 9

ischemia

Question 10

tissue death; abnormal q wave

Answer 10

infarction

Question 11

peaked t wave

Answer 11

hyperkalemia high potassium

Question 12

stretch on ventricle at end of diastole

Answer 12

preload

Question 13

pressure the ventricles outcome to inject blood out

Answer 13

after load

Question 14

primary hyperlipidemia

Answer 14

caused by genetics

Question 15

secondary hyperlipidemia

Answer 15

result from another disease

Question 16

feb 1

Answer 16

go red for women; cardiac health month; 1 in 5 will die of cardiovascular

Question 17

-statins are for

Answer 17

hypercholesterolemia

Question 18

why should statins be given at night

Answer 18

cholesterol is produced and liver works the most

Question 19

artierosclerosis

Answer 19

hardening of arteries

Question 20

atherosclerosis is mainly what

Answer 20

fats cause thickening of vessels

Question 21

pain in calf when walking

Answer 21

claudication

Question 22

another manifestation of pad

Answer 22

thinning of skin; shining ; lack of hair on lower extremities

Question 23

primary raynauds is seen in who

Answer 23

healthy young women

Question 24

secondary raynauds is

Answer 24

already been injury to areas ; frostbite

Question 25

dissolves a dangerous clot

Answer 25

thrombolytics

Question 26

substernal back and neck pain, dyspnea, stridor, hoarseness

Answer 26

thoracic aneurysms

Question 27

once you palpate an abdominal aneurysm what do you not do

Answer 27

dont go back and palpate again, could rupture.

Question 28

marfan syndrome is very common to affect

Answer 28

the heart ; aortic valve disorder

Question 29

hypertensive crisis

Answer 29

180/120

Question 30

cardiac disease

Answer 30

imbalance of oxygen supply and oxygen demand

Question 31

angina pectoris

Answer 31

chest pain

Question 32

stable angina will last how long

Answer 32

less than 20 minutes

Question 33

3 types of acute coronary syndrome

Answer 33

unstable angina pectoris NSTEMI- did not go through all heart layers STEMI- did go through all heart layers

Question 34

last longer than 20 minutes and chest pain is not relieved by sitting them down after an activity; occurs with activity or rest

Answer 34

unstable angina

Question 35

chest pain happen at night caused by vasospasms

Answer 35

Variant (Prinzmetal’s) angina

Question 36

unstable angina non modifiable

Answer 36

rash | race, age, sex, hereditary (AA)

Question 37

unstable angina modifiable

Answer 37

cholesterol, smoking, physical inactivity, hypertension, serum homocysteine,

Question 38

why would you give morphine

Answer 38

for pain; vasodilator, helps with breathing

Question 39

reversal of narcotic

Answer 39

narcan

Question 40

why give a beta blocker to treat ACS

Answer 40

beta receptors b1-heart, b2-lungs; chemical that stimulates beta receptor epi-increase oxygen demand, heart rate

Question 41

reversal for heparin

Answer 41

protamine sulfate ; coagulates

Question 42

you can ABSOLUTELY not have a thrombolytic if

Answer 42

you recently had surgery; stroke within past 2 months; recently pregnant

Question 43

if a girl is mense aka on period will you give a thrombolytic

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

most common cause of endocarditis

Answer 44

staphococcal

Question 45

infective endocarditis

Answer 45

osler nodes- hurts | janeway lesions

Question 46

rheumatic heart disease occurs after WHAT

Answer 46

GROUP A STREP

Question 47

how do you find out if a patient has rheumatic heart disease

Answer 47

throat assessment -white patches, swollen tonsils and lymph nodes

Question 48

right sided heart failure

Answer 48

``` peripheral edema - swelling in legs mesentary congestion - ascites- swollen belly jugular vein distention shortness of breath fatigue SYSTEMIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS ```

Question 49

left sided heart failure

Answer 49

pulmonary edema - wet lungs (crackles) decrease oxygen hemophysis- pink froth sputum *only on left side**

Question 50

only reversible myocardiopathy

Answer 50

taco subo

Question 51

mitral valve stenosis is caused by what

Answer 51

rheumatic fever (untreated strep) and its a lifelong disorder

Question 52

3 manifestations of acute pericarditis

Answer 52

chest pain, friction rub, ecg changes

Question 53

how to treat acute pericarditis

Answer 53

aspirin or NSAIDS, if dont work Colchicine

Question 54

Cardiac Tamponade: Becks Triad

Answer 54

jugular venous distension, low bp, muffled heart sounds

Question 55

is a disease in which the heart muscle (myocardium) becomes abnormally thick (hypertrophied)

Answer 55

hypertropic cardiomyopathy

Question 56

hypertropic cardiomyopathy treatment

Answer 56

beta blocker | calcium channel blocker

Question 57

#1 contraindication for thrombolytic

Answer 57

prolonged cpr