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NURSING PATHO > test 1 pt. 2 > Flashcards

test 1 pt. 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

down syndrome people are at risk for what type of cancer

A

leukemia

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2
Q

disease of the lymph nodes; lymph nodes are enlarged

A

lymphadenopathy; common in leukemia patients

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3
Q

blast cells on a blood test is very indicative of

A

leukemia; also leukostasis greater than 100,000

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4
Q

higher number of blast cells

A

thicker blood viscosity

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5
Q

thromboembolism

A

blood clot

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6
Q

embolism

A

blood clot that moves

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7
Q

can cross blood brain barrier

A

any type of leukocytes

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8
Q

clinical manifestation of leukemia

A

hyperuricemia ; destruction of wbc and the result is high levels of purine. purine- break down of uric acid due to all the leukemic cell death which leads to excessive uric acid

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9
Q

chronic heart burn

A

GERD- creates barrett cells

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10
Q

what forms barrett cells

A

metaplasia

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11
Q

developing cancer

A

metaplasia and dyplasia

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12
Q

what can cause necrotizing facitiis

A

Strep A; klebsiella, clostridum, e.coli

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13
Q

allergic reactions

A

basophils

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14
Q

ANC LEVELS

A

mild 1000-1500; moderate 500-1000; severe less than 500

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15
Q

down syndrome have high risk

A

acute lymphoblastic anemia

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16
Q

in the bone marrow

A

acute myeloid

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17
Q

isolated wbc extremely high above 20,000

A

chronic lymphoblastic leukemia

18
Q

Philadelphia chromosome

A

chronic myeloid

19
Q

what factor is missing in von willebrands

A

clotting factor 8

20
Q

dehydration and stress

A

sickle cell anemia

21
Q

critical platelet

A

less than 20,000

22
Q

blood thinner; works against the entire hemostasis process ; against the entire clotting process

A

anticoagulant

23
Q

advanced aging

A

progeria

24
Q

cell mediators are released and platelets rush to the site; stick together to block it all up

A

formation of platelet plug

25
Q

intrinsic and extrinsic pathway that both lead to factor X

A

blood coagulation

26
Q

contract similar to the muscles

A

clot retraction

27
Q

TPA; tissue plasminogen activator (dissolves the clot)

A

clot dissolution/ lysis

28
Q

are composed of well-differentiated cells that resemble the normal counterpart both in terms of structure and function but have lost the ability to control cell proliferation.

A

benign neoplasms

29
Q

are less differentiated and have lost the ability to control both cell differentiation and proliferation. In general, the better the differentiation of a neoplasm,

A

malignant neoplasms

30
Q

tumor erodes and sheds cells into these spaces.

A

seeding

31
Q 
slow growing
capsulated
non invasive 
well differentiated
oma
A

benign tumors

32
Q 
fast growing 
non capsulated
metasize
invasive 
carcinoma or sarcoma
A

malignant tumors

33
Q

igE mediated reactions that begin rapidly often within minutes of an antigen challenge

A

type 1 hypersensitivity

34
Q

Controls the reabsorption of water by the kidneys

A

antidiuretic hormone

35
Q

synthesized by cells in the nuclei of the hypothalamus and then transported to the posterior pituitary gland, where it is stored.

A

antidiuretic hormone

36
Q

what can stimulate the ADH

A

thirst
serum osmolarity
blood loss
shift in fluid

37
Q

ADH levels are controlled by

A

extracellular fluid (ECF) volume and osmolality

38
Q

ADH pulls water from the cells which causes what urine

A

concentrated urine

39
Q 
Severe pain
Nausea
Trauma
Surgery
Certain anesthetic agents
 Some narcotics (e.g., Morphine and Meperidine)
A

triggers for ADH

40
Q

Deficiency of ADH or a decreased renal response to ADH

A

diabetes Insipidus; we have it and body isn’t responding or body is not making enough

41
Q

how much urine do diabetes insipidus

A

3-20 L per day ; looks like water no concentration

NURSING PATHO (16 decks)

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