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NURSING PATHO > PRE LECTURE 11-16 > Flashcards

PRE LECTURE 11-16 Flashcards

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1
Q

white blood cells (granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes) are formed in the bone marrow

A

true

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2
Q

the lifespan of white blood cells is relatively long, so constant renewal is not necessary to maintain normal blood levels

A

false; short

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3
Q

in neutropenia, all of the cell lines are affected, resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis

A

false

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4
Q

infectious mononucleosis is a self-limiting disorder caused by the epstein-barr virus

A

true

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5
Q

non-hodgkin lymphoma is a form of lymphoma that is associated with the presence of an abnormal cell called a reed-sternberg cell

A

false; hodgkin lymphoma

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6
Q

common in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, especially in persons with advanced disease

A

colonial malignancy of B lymphocytes

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7
Q

more children are stricken with WHAT than any other form of cancer, and it is the leading cause of death in children between the ages of 1 and 14 years

A

ALL; acute lymphocytic leukemia

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8
Q

have a sudden and stormy onset with symptoms of depressed bone marrow function (anemia, fatigue, bleeding, and infections)

A

acute leukemias

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9
Q

leukemia’s are classified according to their predominant

A

cell type

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10
Q

chronic myelogenous leukemia is associated with the presence of WHAT, arising from a reciprocal translocation between the long arm of chromosome 22 and the long arm of chromosome 9

A

philadelphia chromosome

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11
Q

platelets are also known as leukocytes

A

false; thrombocytes

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12
Q

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disorder that affects the normal function and formation of platelets

A

false; results in platelet antibody formation and destruction of platelets

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13
Q

disseminated intravascular coagulation is a condition that results in simultaneous clotting and bleeding

A

true

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14
Q

the use of aspirin and other non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been identified as a cause of impaired platelet function

A

true

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15
Q

most of the coagulation factors are proteins synthesized in the spleen

A

false; liver

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16
Q

orderly, stepwise process for stopping bleeding that involves vasospasm, formation of a platelet plug, and the development of a fibrin clot

A

hemostasis

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17
Q

a decrease in the number of circulating platelets is known as

A

thrombocytopenia

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18
Q

hemophilia a is an x- linked recessive disorder that involves a deficiency of factor

A

VIII

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19
Q

used to describe elevations in the platelet count above 1,000,000

A

thrombocytosis

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20
Q

fat soluble vitamin that is continuously being synthesized by intestinal bacteria, is necessary for normal activity of factors VII, IX, and X and prothrombin

A

vitamin k

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21
Q

there are two major types of hemoglobin; adult hemoglobin (HbA) and fetal hemoglobin (HbF)

A

true

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22
Q

sickle cell disease is a chronic disorder that results from changes in the shape, rather than the size of rbc cells

A

true

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23
Q

iron deficiency anemia only affects infants and toddlers

A

false ; all ages

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24
Q

the rate at which hemoglobin is synthesized depends on the availability of iron for heme synthesis

A

true

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25
Q

thalassemias are inherited disorders of platelet synthesis that cause severe bruising and bleeding

A

false

26
Q

mature rbc

A

erythrocytes

27
Q

the function of rbc is to transport ANSWER from the lungs to the tissues

A

oxygen

28
Q

if rbc destruction is excessive, bilirubin production is increased, causing a yellow discoloration of the skin

A

jaundice

29
Q

Rh disease of the newborn is an example of

A

acquired hemolytic anemia

30
Q

a primary condition of bone marrow stem cells that results in reduction of all three hematopoietic cell lines; red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

A

aplastic anemia

31
Q

creutzfeldt-jacob disease and mad cow disease are examples of prion-associated diseases

A

true

32
Q

viruses are capable of replicating outside of a living cell

A

false ; incapable

33
Q

term portal of entry refers to the process by which a pathogen enters the body

A

true

34
Q

some fungi are components of normal human micro flora

A

true

35
Q

all organisms have the potential to cause infectious illness in humans

A

true

36
Q

infections that develop in patients while they are hospitalized

A

nosocomial hospital acquired infection

37
Q

adding the suffix ANSWER to the name of the involves tissue usually designates inflammation of an anatomic location

A

-itis

38
Q

the period during which the host experiences the maximum impact of the infectious process

A

acute stage of disease

39
Q

refers to the particular collection of signs and symptoms expressed by the host during the disease course

A

symptomatology

40
Q

ticks, mosquitoes, mites, and lice are examples of what

A

parasites/ arthropods

41
Q

organisms that derive benefits from their biological relationship with another organism

A

parasites/ arthropods

42
Q

active immunity is acquired through immunization or actually having the disease

A

true

43
Q

t lymphocytes are responsible for humoral immunity

A

false; cell mediated

44
Q

adaptive immunity / acquired immunity refers to immunity that is acquired through previous exposure to infectious and other foreign agents

A

true

45
Q

thyroid gland plays a central role in the immune response

A

false; thymus gland

46
Q

passive immunity represents a type of immunity that is transferred from another source, such as in uterus transfer of antibodies from mother to infant

A

true

47
Q

consists of cellular and biochemical defenses that are in place before infection and respond rapidly to it

A

innate immunity/ native immunity

48
Q

5 classes each with different role in the immune defense strategy

A

immunoglobulin

49
Q

a large secondary lymphoid organ located high in the left abdominal cavity, filters antigens from the blood and is important in the response to systemic infections

A

spleen

50
Q

substances that are foreign to the host and can stimulate an immune response

A

antigens

51
Q

class of immunoglobulin that is involved in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions

A

IgE

52
Q

allergic rhinitis is a systemic, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction

A

false

53
Q

virtually any food can product an atopic or nonatopic allergy

A

true

54
Q

in graft versus host disease, the immune cells of the transplant recipient attack the donor cells of the transplanted organ

A

false

55
Q

severe combined immunodeficiency is a disorder that results from the loss of b-cell function as well as t cell function

A

true

56
Q

an hiv-infection person can only transmit the virus when symptoms are present and the antibody test is positive

A

false ; always can be transmitted

57
Q

reactions are IgE-mediated reactions that begin rapidly often within minutes of an antigen challenge

A

type 1 hypersensitivity

58
Q

a test in which purified protein derivative is injected under the skin, is an example of a delayed-type hypersensitivity

A

the tuberculin test

59
Q

rheumatoid arthritis type 1 diabetes mellitus, ulcerative colitis, and myasthenia gravis are all examples of probable

A

type i hypersensitivity disease

60
Q

hiv infected person is at risk for many ANSWER, potentially affecting the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, and the nervous system

A

opportunistic infections

61
Q

refers to the inability to mount an immune response against a persons own antigens

A

self tolerance

NURSING PATHO (16 decks)

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