PRE LECTURE 11-16

Question 1

white blood cells (granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes) are formed in the bone marrow

Answer 1

true

Question 2

the lifespan of white blood cells is relatively long, so constant renewal is not necessary to maintain normal blood levels

Answer 2

false; short

Question 3

in neutropenia, all of the cell lines are affected, resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and agranulocytosis

Answer 3

false

Question 4

infectious mononucleosis is a self-limiting disorder caused by the epstein-barr virus

Answer 4

true

Question 5

non-hodgkin lymphoma is a form of lymphoma that is associated with the presence of an abnormal cell called a reed-sternberg cell

Answer 5

false; hodgkin lymphoma

Question 6

common in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, especially in persons with advanced disease

Answer 6

colonial malignancy of B lymphocytes

Question 7

more children are stricken with WHAT than any other form of cancer, and it is the leading cause of death in children between the ages of 1 and 14 years

Answer 7

ALL; acute lymphocytic leukemia

Question 8

have a sudden and stormy onset with symptoms of depressed bone marrow function (anemia, fatigue, bleeding, and infections)

Answer 8

acute leukemias

Question 9

leukemia’s are classified according to their predominant

Answer 9

cell type

Question 10

chronic myelogenous leukemia is associated with the presence of WHAT, arising from a reciprocal translocation between the long arm of chromosome 22 and the long arm of chromosome 9

Answer 10

philadelphia chromosome

Question 11

platelets are also known as leukocytes

Answer 11

false; thrombocytes

Question 12

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disorder that affects the normal function and formation of platelets

Answer 12

false; results in platelet antibody formation and destruction of platelets

Question 13

disseminated intravascular coagulation is a condition that results in simultaneous clotting and bleeding

Answer 13

true

Question 14

the use of aspirin and other non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been identified as a cause of impaired platelet function

Answer 14

true

Question 15

most of the coagulation factors are proteins synthesized in the spleen

Answer 15

false; liver

Question 16

orderly, stepwise process for stopping bleeding that involves vasospasm, formation of a platelet plug, and the development of a fibrin clot

Answer 16

hemostasis

Question 17

a decrease in the number of circulating platelets is known as

Answer 17

thrombocytopenia

Question 18

hemophilia a is an x- linked recessive disorder that involves a deficiency of factor

Answer 18

VIII

Question 19

used to describe elevations in the platelet count above 1,000,000

Answer 19

thrombocytosis

Question 20

fat soluble vitamin that is continuously being synthesized by intestinal bacteria, is necessary for normal activity of factors VII, IX, and X and prothrombin

Answer 20

vitamin k

Question 21

there are two major types of hemoglobin; adult hemoglobin (HbA) and fetal hemoglobin (HbF)

Answer 21

true

Question 22

sickle cell disease is a chronic disorder that results from changes in the shape, rather than the size of rbc cells

Answer 22

true

Question 23

iron deficiency anemia only affects infants and toddlers

Answer 23

false ; all ages

Question 24

the rate at which hemoglobin is synthesized depends on the availability of iron for heme synthesis

Answer 24

true

Question 25

thalassemias are inherited disorders of platelet synthesis that cause severe bruising and bleeding

Answer 25

false

Question 26

mature rbc

Answer 26

erythrocytes

Question 27

the function of rbc is to transport ANSWER from the lungs to the tissues

Answer 27

oxygen

Question 28

if rbc destruction is excessive, bilirubin production is increased, causing a yellow discoloration of the skin

Answer 28

jaundice

Question 29

Rh disease of the newborn is an example of

Answer 29

acquired hemolytic anemia

Question 30

a primary condition of bone marrow stem cells that results in reduction of all three hematopoietic cell lines; red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Answer 30

aplastic anemia

Question 31

creutzfeldt-jacob disease and mad cow disease are examples of prion-associated diseases

Answer 31

true

Question 32

viruses are capable of replicating outside of a living cell

Answer 32

false ; incapable

Question 33

term portal of entry refers to the process by which a pathogen enters the body

Answer 33

true

Question 34

some fungi are components of normal human micro flora

Answer 34

true

Question 35

all organisms have the potential to cause infectious illness in humans

Answer 35

true

Question 36

infections that develop in patients while they are hospitalized

Answer 36

nosocomial hospital acquired infection

Question 37

adding the suffix ANSWER to the name of the involves tissue usually designates inflammation of an anatomic location

Answer 37

-itis

Question 38

the period during which the host experiences the maximum impact of the infectious process

Answer 38

acute stage of disease

Question 39

refers to the particular collection of signs and symptoms expressed by the host during the disease course

Answer 39

symptomatology

Question 40

ticks, mosquitoes, mites, and lice are examples of what

Answer 40

parasites/ arthropods

Question 41

organisms that derive benefits from their biological relationship with another organism

Answer 41

parasites/ arthropods

Question 42

active immunity is acquired through immunization or actually having the disease

Answer 42

true

Question 43

t lymphocytes are responsible for humoral immunity

Answer 43

false; cell mediated

Question 44

adaptive immunity / acquired immunity refers to immunity that is acquired through previous exposure to infectious and other foreign agents

Answer 44

true

Question 45

thyroid gland plays a central role in the immune response

Answer 45

false; thymus gland

Question 46

passive immunity represents a type of immunity that is transferred from another source, such as in uterus transfer of antibodies from mother to infant

Answer 46

true

Question 47

consists of cellular and biochemical defenses that are in place before infection and respond rapidly to it

Answer 47

innate immunity/ native immunity

Question 48

5 classes each with different role in the immune defense strategy

Answer 48

immunoglobulin

Question 49

a large secondary lymphoid organ located high in the left abdominal cavity, filters antigens from the blood and is important in the response to systemic infections

Answer 49

spleen

Question 50

substances that are foreign to the host and can stimulate an immune response

Answer 50

antigens

Question 51

class of immunoglobulin that is involved in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 51

IgE

Question 52

allergic rhinitis is a systemic, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 52

false

Question 53

virtually any food can product an atopic or nonatopic allergy

Answer 53

true

Question 54

in graft versus host disease, the immune cells of the transplant recipient attack the donor cells of the transplanted organ

Answer 54

false

Question 55

severe combined immunodeficiency is a disorder that results from the loss of b-cell function as well as t cell function

Answer 55

true

Question 56

an hiv-infection person can only transmit the virus when symptoms are present and the antibody test is positive

Answer 56

false ; always can be transmitted

Question 57

reactions are IgE-mediated reactions that begin rapidly often within minutes of an antigen challenge

Answer 57

type 1 hypersensitivity

Question 58

a test in which purified protein derivative is injected under the skin, is an example of a delayed-type hypersensitivity

Answer 58

the tuberculin test

Question 59

rheumatoid arthritis type 1 diabetes mellitus, ulcerative colitis, and myasthenia gravis are all examples of probable

Answer 59

type i hypersensitivity disease

Question 60

hiv infected person is at risk for many ANSWER, potentially affecting the respiratory tract, the gastrointestinal tract, and the nervous system

Answer 60

opportunistic infections

Question 61

refers to the inability to mount an immune response against a persons own antigens

Answer 61

self tolerance