Test 2 part 2

Question 1

Medical model of health

Answer 1

An old way that did include an acknowledgement that some symptoms could be psychosomatic in nature

Question 2

Psychosomatic

Answer 2

Physical symptoms caused by mental situations

Question 3

Most common deaths in the 1900’s

Answer 3

Infulenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, measles,

Question 4

Current common causes of death

Answer 4

Heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes linked to unhealthy behaviors such as inactivity and smoking

Question 5

Factors that contribute to health

Answer 5

Biological, psychological, and socio-cultural

Question 6

Health psychology

Answer 6

The branch of psychology concerned with the promotion of health and the prevention of illness

Question 7

Placebo effect

Answer 7

The perception that one has received an intervention improves one syptoms

Question 8

Nocebo effect

Answer 8

An intervention that is expected to cause harm or side effects causes those effects

Question 9

Nocebo study procedure

Answer 9

Post op patients were given a saline shot. Half were told nothing would happen and half were told they may have nausia

Question 10

Nocebo study outcomes

Answer 10

The people reported what they were told

Question 11

Nocebo effects and pills

Answer 11

When you take participants off pills they think are addictive (but aren’t) some will experience withdrawal like symptoms

Question 12

Double blind nocebo study

Answer 12

Neither the researcher or participant is aware of what drug is real and which is fake

Question 13

Placebo example

Answer 13

Cold-fx

Question 14

Personality traits and health

Answer 14

People who are conscientious are more likely to avoid risky behaviors, eat well, maintain regular checkups

Question 15

Anger is a predictor of

Answer 15

Heart disease

Question 16

Stress

Answer 16

A psychological reaction that occurs when perceived demands exceed existing resources to meet those demands

Question 17

Stressors

Answer 17

An event, item, or experience that causes a stress response.

Question 18

Mental to physical relation was discovered when

Answer 18

After the Boer war and WWI doctores noticed that some soldiers had shell shock

Question 19

Shell shock

Answer 19

No physical injury but they their nerves were shattered

Question 20

Hans Selye

Answer 20

First applied the term stress in psychology.

Question 21

How Selye discovered stress

Answer 21

As a medical student he observed patients just looked sick from different diseases with the same symptoms

Question 22

Hans Selye discovery

Answer 22

Stress hormones and was the first to describe HPA axis and general adaptation syndrome

Question 23

HPA axis

Answer 23

Hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands

Question 24

Discrimination and health

Answer 24

In a lab situation being the target of prejudice and discrimination was linked to increased blood pressure, heart rate, and secretions of stress hormones

Question 25

Pathway 1 sent during stress

Answer 25

Hypothalamus, autonomic nervous system, adrenal medulla, epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 26

Pathway 2 sent during stress

Answer 26

Hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex, cortisol and other hormones

Question 27

Short term stress

Answer 27

Fight or flight.

Question 28

Fight or flight

Answer 28

A set of physiological changes that occur in response to psychological or physical threats. Immediate

Question 29

Long term stress

Answer 29

General adaptation syndrome

Question 30

General long term syndrome

Answer 30

A theory of stress responses involving stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

Question 31

3 parts of general adaptation syndrome

Answer 31

Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 32

Alarm

Answer 32

Recognition of the threat and the physiological reactions that accompany it including increases in blood pressure, muscle tension, heart rate, and adrenaline release

Question 33

Alarm triggers

Answer 33

Fight or flight

Question 34

Resistance

Answer 34

The body attempts to resist or cope with stressor that cannot be avoided Mental and physical resources are used in any way possible

Question 35

Exhaustion

Answer 35

When the stressful experience depletes your physical resources and your physiological stress response declines. Leads to physical illness

Question 36

Acute stress

Answer 36

Enhances immunity, increased number of lymphocytes and macrophages. Dependent on adrenal secretion

Question 37

Acute stress length

Answer 37

2-5 days

Question 38

Chronic stress

Answer 38

Suppresses immunity, reduced number of lymphocytes and macrophages. Increases the severity of common illnesses

Question 39

Wound healing study

Answer 39

Researchers gove students a biopsy wound on the hard palate using a standardized wound machine over summer break and 3 days before their first major exam

Question 40

Wound healing study results

Answer 40

Students took an average of average of 3 days longer to heal during exam time. 40%

Question 41

Negative life events and disease

Answer 41

394 healthy subjects were given nasal drops infected with common colds. Participants listed the stressful events in their life

Question 42

Negative life events and disease results

Answer 42

The people who were stressed got the cold more often, and got it worse

Question 43

Common sources of stress

Answer 43

Frustration, pressure, change, conflict

Question 44

Frustration

Answer 44

A blocked goal

Question 45

Pressure

Answer 45

Expectations to behave in certain ways

Question 46

Change

Answer 46

Having to adapt

Question 47

Conflict

Answer 47

Two or more incompatible motivations

Question 48

Financial stress

Answer 48

Lack of money, unpaid bills

Question 49

Work/school stress

Answer 49

Exams, project deadlines, traffic

Question 50

Physiological stress

Answer 50

Lack of sleep, unhealthy eating, smoking and drinking

Question 51

Psychological

Answer 51

Personal relationships, conflict, bullying

Question 52

Social stress

Answer 52

Family conflicts, life events

Question 53

Societal stress

Answer 53

Racism, poverty, powerlessness

Question 54

Poverty leads to

Answer 54

Increased stress, risk of heart disease, depression and anxiety, poor nutrition, less health care and education options

Question 55

Crowding

Answer 55

Increases arousal levels, spread of disease

Question 56

Poverty

Answer 56

Associated with reduced control over one's environmetn

Question 57

Discrimination and health

Answer 57

In a lab, being a target of prejudice and discrimination was linked with increased blood pressure, heart rate and secretions of stress hormones