Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Developmental psychology

A

Studies the physical, cognitive and social change through the lifespan

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2
Q

Child psychology

A

An out of date term that was proposed to be the same thing as lifespan psychology by Froyd as he stated that development stopped when adulthood was reached

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3
Q

Lifespan psychology

A

Another term for developmental psychology proposed by Eric Erikson when he proposed that a person develops their whole life

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4
Q

Major developmental psy. themes

A

Nature vs nurture, continuity and discrete stages, stability and change

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5
Q

Nature vs nurture

A

Genes vs experience. Nothing is ever 100 percent of either.

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6
Q

Hereditary coefficient

A

A statistical value used to determine the amount a trait is nature

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7
Q

Nature vs nurture example

A

Political orientation is equal parts nature and nurture. Same as introversion vs extroversion

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8
Q

Continuity and discrete stages

A

Some parts of development are like a hill, others are like staircases.

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9
Q

Continuity and discrete stages behaviorism

A

Comes from a biological approach where everything is a step

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10
Q

Continuity and discrete stages environmentalist

A

That life stages are a hill. More commonly accepted now

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11
Q

Stability and change

A

The persistence and change of traits and abilities as we age

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12
Q

Physical development stages

A

Zygote, embryo, fetus, infantcy

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13
Q

Zygote

A

Fertilized egg. Conception to 2 weeks, rapid cell division

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14
Q

Embryo

A

2-9 weeks. When the embryo imbeds in the lining of the uterus. Cell specialization, so most birth defects happen here

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15
Q

Fetus

A

9 weeks-birth. Further development of organs and systems

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16
Q

Teratogens

A

Anything that interferes with normal developmental processes and produces birth defects

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17
Q

Teratogen examples

A

Drugs (thalidomide), pollutant, stress, diseases (AIDS. measles)

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18
Q

Thalidomide

A

A drug that was advertised to aliviate the pain of pregnancy and was safe for mom and baby. It ended up causing limbs to not develop

19
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

Leading cause of mental disability. A spectrum that may correlate to the amount of drinks and severity of the disease

20
Q

FAS signs

A

Low birth weight, small brain, factal deformities, lack of coordination defective limbs and heart, bellow average intelligence

21
Q

Infant stage

A

Physical and perceptual abilities are present at birth

22
Q

Motor reflexes

A

Automatic behaviors that are nessiarty for survival.

23
Q

Motor reflexes example

A

Sucking, grasping, rooting

24
Q

Perceptual abilities

A

Sight, sound, touch, taste, smell. Used to determine their caregiver. Can see 20 cms away

25
Q

Rooting reflex

A

Stimulation of the corner of the mouth causes the infant to orient herself toward the stimulation and begin sucking motions. 1-4 months

26
Q

Moro reflex

A

Infants grimance and reach arms outward and inward in a protective. Due to losing balance of head. Birth to 2 months

27
Q

Grabbing reflex

A

Infants grab anything that is placed in the palm of their hand. Birth-5/6 months

28
Q

Babinski reflex

A

In response to a touch on the bottom of the foot, the

infant’s toes will splay outward and then curl in. Birth-1/2 years

29
Q

Babinski reflex in adults

A

A sign of a neurological disorder

30
Q

Stepping reflex

A

If held so that the feet just touch the ground, an

infant will show “walking” movements, alternating the feet in steps. Birth-5/6 months

31
Q

Walking

A

Mostly occurs during 11-15 months. 3x as fast as crawling. New walkers fall 32x per hour

32
Q

Brain development

A

They have very plastic (changeable) minds. We have critical periods such as phonemes in a native language

33
Q

Synaptogenesis

A

The forming of a new synaptic connection

34
Q

Synaptic pruning

A

The loss of weak nerve cell connection

35
Q

Synaptogenesis and pruning in infants

A

The NS creates patterns for everything, later comes back and prunes connections the child will not need in their environment

36
Q

Social preferences of infants

A

Look to voices, prefer face-like displays, likes things 8-12 inches away

37
Q

Can recognize moms…

A

Smell at 7 days, voice and face at 21

38
Q

How to study infants

A

Where and how long they look at things

39
Q

Habituation

A

Measuring decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. Baby gets bored and pays less attention over time

40
Q

Proof humans are social beings

A

Most of our actions are learned through imitation, and our preference for face like things

41
Q

Social development

A

!

42
Q

Attachment

A

An enduring emotional bond formed between individuals

43
Q

Attachment to parents 1950’s

A

Behaviorists said it was because they feed us. A form of positive reinforcement

44
Q

Behaviorism

A

An over reaction to froyd. Too much science