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Pharmacology > Test 2 Drug classes > Flashcards

Test 2 Drug classes Flashcards

1
Q

Barbiturates

A

phenobarbitol (solfoton)

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2
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Diazepam (valium)

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3
Q

Non-benzodiazepines

A

Zolpidem (ambien)

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4
Q

GABA receptor agonist

A

What is barbiturates MOA

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5
Q

increase the affinity of GABA binding

A

what is benzodiazepines MOA

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6
Q

stimulation of Mu receptors (g-coupled), leads to hyperpolarization of nerve cells and inhibition of firing

A

What is opioid agonist MOA

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7
Q

Opioid agonists

A

Mophine (avinza)

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8
Q

Opioid agonists

A

fentanyl (actiq)

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9
Q

Opioid agonists

A

hydrocodone (hysingla)

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10
Q

non-narcotic pain relievers

A

tramadol (ultram)

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11
Q

inhibits NE and serotonin reuptake, very weak opioid receptor binding

A

what is non-narcotic pain relievers MOA

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12
Q

modulates action of GABA synthetic enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase and glutamate synthesizing enzyme, branched- chain amino acid transaminase, results in increased gaba synthesis

A

what is antiseizure agent used for neurotropic pain MOA

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13
Q

antiseizure agent used for neurotropic pain

A

Gabapentin (neuraptine)

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14
Q

antiseizure agent used for neurotropic pain

A

GABA-inergic

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15
Q

NSAIDs

A

acetominophine (tylenol)

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16
Q

non-selective COX inhibitors: blocking prostaglandin synthesis from arachidonic acid by inhibiting the enzymes, COX-1 and -2

A

What is NSAIDS MOA

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17
Q

NSAIDs

A

Aspirin (bayer)

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18
Q

NSAIDs

A

ibuprofen (advil)

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19
Q

NSAIDs

A

naproxen (aleve)

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20
Q

NSAIDs

A

Indomethacin (tivobex)

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21
Q

NSAIDs

A

bromfenac (prolensa)

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22
Q

Alcohols

A

ethanol

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23
Q

increase GABA

A

what is alcohols MOA

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24
Q
  1. GABA Agonist with spinal cord site of primary action
  2. centrally acting a2-adrenergic agonist, presynaptic inhibition of motor neuron hyperactivity
  3. ryanode receptor 1 antagonist
A

What is antispasticity MOA

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25
Q

Anispasticity

A

baclofen (lioresal)

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26
Q

antispasticity

A

Tizanidine (Zanaflex)

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27
Q

antispasticity

A

Dantrolene (dantrium)

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28
Q

antispasmodic

A

cyclobenzaprine (flexeril)

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29
Q

serotonin receptor antagonist

A

What is antispasmodic MOA

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30
Q

inhibit glutamate in the brain, decrease CA2+ flux into cell

A

What is NMDA antagonist MOA

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31
Q

NMDA (n-methy-d-aspartate receptor) antagonist

A

Dextromethorphan (Delsym)

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32
Q

NMDA antagonist

A

Katamine (ketalar

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33
Q

NMDA antagonist

A

memantine (namenda)

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34
Q

NMDA antagonist

A

Amantadine (synetrel)

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35
Q

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (reversible, CNS acting or cognitive enhancing)

A

Donepezil (aricept)

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36
Q

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (reversible, CNS acting or cognitive enhancing)

A

Rivastigmine (exelon)

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37
Q

Monoclonal AB

A

lecanemab (leqembi)

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38
Q

Atypical antipsychotic

A

brexipiprazole (rexulti)

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39
Q

Dopamine precursor/ dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor

A

levodopa/carbidopa (sinemet)

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40
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

A

selegiline (eldepryl)

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41
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

A

rasagiline (azilcet)

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42
Q

Catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitors

A

entacopone (comtan)

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43
Q

Dopamine agonist

A

ropinirole (requip)

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44
Q

Anti-viral with dopaminergic effects, anti-cholinergic effects and blocks gluatamate, receptors

A

amantadine (symmetrel)

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45
Q

muscarinic antagonist

A

benzotropine (cogentic)

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46
Q

Corticosteroid

A

methylprednisolone (solu-medrol)

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47
Q

interferon

A

interferon beta (avonex)

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48
Q

monoclonal AB

A

ofatumumab (arzerra)

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49
Q

immounomodulator

A

Glatiramer acetate (copaxone)

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50
Q

immunosuppresive

A

fingolimod (Gilenya)

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51
Q

antiepileptic agents

A

phenytoin (dilantin)

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52
Q

anti-epileptic agents

A

topiramate (topamax)

53
Q

GABAinergic

A

Gabapentin (neuraptine)

54
Q

Neuroprotective

A

riluzole (rilutek)

55
Q

neuromuscular blockers

A

botulinium toxin (botox)

56
Q

muscle relaxants

A

baclofen (lioresal

57
Q

muscle relaxants

A

dantrolene (dantrium)

58
Q

benzodiazepines

A

Diazepam (valium)

59
Q

Muscarinc antagonist

A

benzotropine (cogentic)

60
Q

dopamine prodrugs

A

levodopa/carbidopa (sinemet)

61
Q

anticonvulsant agent

A

valproic acid (depakote)

62
Q

A2 adrenergic agonist

A

tizanidine (zanaflex)

63
Q

Neurofibromatosis

A

selumetinib (koselugo)

64
Q

tripans

A

sumatriptan (imetrix)

65
Q

ergot Alkaloids

A

dihyroergotamine (migranal)

66
Q

ergot Alkaloids

A

ubrogepant (ubrelvy)

67
Q

ergot Alkaloids

A

lasmiditan (reyvow)

68
Q

binds to the enzyme that breaks down Ach and blocks the action, increased ACh available

A

What is Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors MOA

69
Q

a receptor of glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the human brain: poorly understood, binding reduces Ca2+ influx

A

What is NMDA antagonist MOA

70
Q

biologic: IV infusion therapy that targets and removes beta-amyloid from the brain

A

What is the MOA of monoclonal Ab

71
Q

partial agonists at dopamine and serotonin receptors/ management of aggression (behaviors that come with advancing disease process)

A

What is the atypical antipsychotic MOA

72
Q

metabolized to dopamine (ideally in the CNS/ reduces peripheral metabolism of levodopa, thereby increasing the amount of dopamine that reaches the brain

A

What is the dopamine precursor/dopamine decarboxylase inhibitor MOA

73
Q

Irreversible, highly selective for monoamine oxidase-B, thereby reduces breakdown of dopamine in the brain

A

what is monoamine oxidase inhibitors MOA

74
Q

by inhibiting the enzyme catechol-o-methyl-tranferase, prevents peripheral degradation of levodopa, allowing a higher concentration to cross the blood brain barrier

A

what is Catechol-omethyltransferase inhibitors

75
Q

binds to dopamine receptor and activates it. increases the amount of dopamine in the synaptic cleft

A

What is dopamine agonists MOA

76
Q

unclear MOA, considered an antidyskinetic medicine

A

Anti-viral with dopaminergic effects, anti-cholenergic effects and blocks glutamate receptors

77
Q

blocks cholinergic muscarinic receptors, less Ach, thus improves rigidity and tremors in parkinson’s disease

A

what is muscarinic antagonist MOA

78
Q

PhospholipaseA2 inhibitor-inhibits release of arachidonic acid from phospholipids//excellent anti-inflammatory agents

A

what is corticosteroid MOA

79
Q

diminishes inflammatory response

A

What is interferon MOA

80
Q

targets B cells for destruction

A

What is monoclonal AB MOA

81
Q

Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor, by inhibiting dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase (enzyme), this blocks lymphocyte activation and inflammatory response

A

What is Immounomodulator MOA

82
Q

synthetic polypeptide that resembles myelin protein and acts as a decoy to T-cell attack

A

What is immunomodulator MOA

83
Q

Sphigosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator, sequesters lymphocytes in lymph nodes

A

What is immunosuppresive MOA

84
Q

3 primary mechanisms of action (do not remember for specific drugs) 1) Blocking voltage-gated ion channels (Na+ or Ca2+); 2) Enhancing inhibitory g-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic impulses; 3) Interfering with excitatory glutamate transmission

A

what is the mechanism of action for anti-epileptic agents

85
Q

Modulates action of GABA synthetic enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and glutamate synthesizing enzyme, branched-chain amino acid transaminase, results in increased GABA synthesis

A

What is GABA inergic

86
Q

Glutamate antagonist;inhibits glutamate release by blocking the voltage-dependent sodium channels

A

What is neuroprotective MOA

87
Q

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor, thus reduces cell proliferation, and promotes pro-apoptotic signal transduction

A

what is neurofibromatosis

88
Q

Selective serotonin agonist, inducing vasoconstriction in the basilar artery, reduces transmition of pain impulses, minimizing the release of inflammatory mediators from the trigeminal nerves

A

What is Tripans MOA

89
Q

alpha adrenergic receptor agonists and serotonergic effects

A

what is ergot alkaloids MOA specifically dihydroergotamine

90
Q

calcitonin gene related peptide inhibitors

A

what is ergot alkaloids MOA specifically ubrogepant (ubrelvy)

91
Q

5 HT1F receptor agonist

A

what is ergot alkaloids MOA specifically lasmidtan (reyvow)

92
Q

Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors by blocking serotonin transporter (SERT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET)

A

What is tricyclic antidepressants MOA

93
Q

inhibits the enzyme monoamine oxidase, more catecholamines available; nonselective

A

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

94
Q

inhibits the reuptake of serotonin by shutting down the transporter that returns serotonin to the presynaptic neuron

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

95
Q

Ticylic antidepressants

A

amitriptyline (elavil)

96
Q

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

A

tranylcypromise (parnate)

97
Q

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

A

fluoxetine

98
Q

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

A

sertraline (zoloft)

99
Q

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

A

paroxtine (paxil)

100
Q

Serotonin norepinephrine re uptake inhibitors

A

Duloxetine (cymbalta)

101
Q

Serotonin norepinephrine re uptake inhibitors

A

Desvenlafaxine (pristiq)

102
Q

Selective inhibitor of the serotonin and norepinephrine transporters

A

What is serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors MOA

103
Q

norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor

A

what is wellburtin’s MOA

104
Q

NMDA receptor antagonist/bupropion, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, increases levels of increases plasma levels of Dexotromethorphan

A

what is Dextromethophan MOA

105
Q

central acting presynaptic a2 adrenergic antagonist and specific serotonergic

A

what is mirtazapine (remeron) MOA

106
Q

works on several NT: serotonin, adrenergic and histamine

A

what is Trazodone (desyrel) MOA

107
Q

positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors

A

What is brexanolone (zulresso)

108
Q

unknown

A

What is mood stabilizer MOA

109
Q

inhibition of post synaptic dopamine receptors, thus decreasing dopamine levels (more brain NT balance)

A

what is typical antipsychotic agents MOA

110
Q

Serotonin-dopamine partial agonist, each agent has a unique combination of receptor affinities

A

What is atypical antipsychotic agents MOA

111
Q

NMDA agonist

A

What is atypical antipsychotic agents MOA (specifially clozaril)

112
Q

Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor (VMT2 inhibitor); VMAT2 controls how much chemical messenger is stored in the nerve cell and how much is released&raquo_space; Inhibits this transported&raquo_space; lower amount of neurotransmitter available and therefore reduces the unwanted body movements

A

what is deutetrabenazine (austedo)

113
Q

agonist at presynaptic receptors

A

what is buspirone MAO

114
Q

CNS stimulant

A

What is amphetamine MOA

115
Q

CNS stimulant

A

What is Methylphenidate MOA

116
Q

selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

A

What is atomoxetine (strattera) MOA

117
Q

selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

A

What is viloxazine (qelbree) MOA

118
Q

alpha 2 adrenegic receptor agonists

A

what is Guanfacine (Intuniv Er) MOA

119
Q

alpha 2 adrenegic receptor agonists

A

what is clonidine (kapvay) MOA

120
Q

sequentially inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake

A

What is Venlafaxine (effexor) MOA

121
Q

dopamine reuptake inhibitor and inhibits GABA

A

what is modafinil (Provigil) MOA

122
Q

increase the affinity of GABA binding: reduce anxiety and irritability and have sedative effet

A

what is benzodiazepines MOA

123
Q

brain NT balance: without drugs, an addicted person cannot produce natural amounts of happiness-inducing chemicals in their brain

A

what is antidepressants MOA

124
Q

Alpha2-adreneric receptor Agonist; Reduces sweating, cramps, muscle aches and anxiety, stops tremors and seizures

A

what is Clonidine (catapress) MOA

125
Q

Blocks receptors in the brain that produce drug’s pleasurable effects, subdues seeking behavior

A

what is naltrexone (vivitrol) MOA

126
Q

Binding to the same receptors in the brain as heroin and painkillers, but Methadone doesn’t get the user high

A

what is methadone (methadose) MOA

127
Q

unknown

A

what is acamprosate (campral) MOA

128
Q

Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; stops convertion acetaldehyde into acetic acid, leads to a build up of acetaldehyde

A

what is Disulfiram (antabuse) MOA

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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