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Pharmacology > Antimicrobial > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 broad categories of B lactams

A

Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, and monobactams

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2
Q

What are the categories of penicillin?

A

Gen 1 (Penicillin G, penicillin V)
Anti-staphlococcal penicillin
Aminopenicillin
Anti-pneumonial penicillin

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3
Q

What is the Mechanism of Action of Beta Lactams?

A
  1. inhibits transpeptidase
  2. stimulates production of bacterial autolysins with normal remodel the bacterial cell wall
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4
Q

what is the mechanism of action of Vancomycin?

A

binds to peptide chain, preventing transpeptidases from binding

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5
Q

what is the mechanism of action of bacitracin

A

can’t recycle lipid carrier

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6
Q

what is the mechanism of action of polymixin?

A

increases cell membrane permeability

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7
Q

what are the types of polymixin?

A

Polysporin, polytrim, neosporin

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8
Q

what is polysporin made of?

A

polymyxin and B+ bacitracin

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9
Q

what is polytrim made of

A

Polymixin and B+ trimethoprim

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10
Q

what is neosporin made of?

A

Polymixin+ Bacitracin+ neomycin

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11
Q

What is the drug of choice for Syphillis/ treponium palladium?

A

Gen 1 penicillins

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12
Q

What type of bacteria does Gen 1 penicillin mostly treat?

A

Gram positive but some gram negative if small enough like neisseria gonorrhea

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13
Q

What type of bacteria does anti staphylococcal mostly treat?

A

not effective against gram negative

mostly effective against gram positive

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14
Q

What type of drug stimulates warfarin metabolism?

A

anti-staphlococcal penicillin

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15
Q

What type of bacteria does aminopenicillin mostly treat?

A

increased activity against gram negative

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16
Q

What type of bacteria does antipseudomonal mostly treat?

A

Gram negative

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17
Q

which type of penicillin is susceptible to bacterial B lactamase

A

1st or 2nd Generation Penicillin

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18
Q

What are the specific drugs of first generation Penicillin?

A

Penicillin G and Penicillin V

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19
Q

which type of penicillin is not susceptible to bacterial b lactamase

A

Antistaphlylococcal

20
Q

What are the specific drugs of Antistaphylococcal Penicillin?

A

Methicillin
Dicloxacillin

21
Q

What are the specific drugs of aminopenicillin?

A

Ampicillin
amoxicillin
augmentin (Amoxicilin + clavulanic acid)

22
Q

What are the specific drugs of first gen cephalosporin?

A

cefazolin
cephalexin

23
Q

What are the specific drugs of second gen cephalosporin?

A

Cefuroxime
cefoxitin

24
Q

What are the specific drugs of third gen cephalosporin?

A

Cefixime
ceftriaxone
ceftazidime

25
Q

What are the specific drugs of cebapenems?

A

Imipenem

26
Q

What is the order of cephalosporin generations that is effective against gram positive

A

1>2>3

27
Q

What is the order of cephalosporin generations that is effective against gram negative

A

3>2>1

28
Q

What is effective against MRSA?

A

Gen 5 Cephalosporin
vancomycin (DOC)

29
Q

What type of bacteria is monobactams effective against?

A

gram negative

30
Q

what is type of bacteria is vancomycin effective against?

A

gram positive

31
Q

what is type of bacteria is bacitracin effective against?

A

gram positive

32
Q

what is type of bacteria is polymixin effective against?

A

gram -

33
Q

what is the drug of choice for C. Diff

A

vancomycin

34
Q

`what treats surgical wounds?

A

bactracin

35
Q

what treats conjunctival and lid infections?

A

Polymixin

36
Q

What drugs produce stevens-johnson syndome?

A

penicillin

37
Q

which drug class have cross reactivity between penicillin?

A

cephalosporins

38
Q

what is used as an alternative for patients who have anaphylaxis with other B lactams?

A

monobactams

39
Q

what is vancomycin’s adverse reaction?

A

red man
ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity

40
Q

what drug should be taken on an empty stomach?

A

antistaphlococcal

41
Q

what is the most common prescribed antimicrobial

A

amoxicillin

42
Q

Which antimicrobial has love GI side effects?

A

Augementin

43
Q

what drugs have nephrotoxicity as a side effect

A

Polymixin B
bacitracin
vancomycin

44
Q

What treats blepharitis?

A

bacitracin

45
Q

Wat treats preseptal cellulitis

A

Amoxicillin and augmentin

46
Q

what treats orbital cellulitis

A

Third generation cephalosporin

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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