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Pharmacology > Protein Synthesis Inhibitors > Flashcards

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides

A

binds to 30s ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis and prevents binding of FMet-tRNA

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2
Q

What is aminoglycasides effective against

A

gram negative rods

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3
Q

what are specific aminoglycosides?

A

gentamicin and tobramycin

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4
Q

What is gentamicin used to treat?

A

tularemia

when used with ampicillin–> gram negative

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5
Q

What is the side effects of aminoglycasides?

A

ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity
neurotoxicity
myasthenia gravis exacerbation

SPK
delayed wound healing

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6
Q

what is the mechanism of action of tetracyclines

A

binds to 30s ribosomal subunity to prevent the attachment of incoming tRNA

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7
Q

What are specific tetracylines?

A

tetracycline
doxycycline
minocycline

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8
Q

what is doxycycline used for?

A

antiinflammatory, MGD, rosacea, preseptal with MRSA, chlyamydia, lyme disease/ borrelia burgdoferi, Rickettsia/ rocky mountain spotted fever

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9
Q

what is minocycline used for?

A

meningitis, acne

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10
Q

what is a side effect of minocycline

A

blue sclera or pigmented cysts on conj

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11
Q

what conditions should tetracyline and minoycline be taken on?

A

empty stomach
avoid milk/ antacids–. absorption inhibited by cations

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12
Q

what is tetracycline’s adverse side effects

A

Gi
Hepatotoxicity
vertico
photosensitivity
binding to tissue undergoing calcification
pseudotumor cerebri

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13
Q

Is tetracycline safe for pregnancy?

A

no. do not give to pregnent/ breast feeding women OR children under 8

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14
Q

what is chloramphenicol’s mechanism of action

A

binds to 50s to prevent elongation and inhibits peptidyl transferase

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15
Q

what does chloramphenicol cause?

A

gray baby
optic neuritis
leukemia

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16
Q

Should chloramphenicol be used in pregnant women

A

no

17
Q

What is macrolides mechanism of action

A

binds to 50s to tRNA acceptor site of bacterial ribosome

18
Q

what are specific macrolides

A

clarithromycin
azithromycin
erythromycin

19
Q

what is clarithromycin used for?

A

H pylorin
respiratory infection

20
Q

what is azithromycin used for

A

chlamydia
legionnaires
hemophilus

21
Q

What is erythromycin used for?

A

penicillin allergy alternative

cornybacterium

22
Q

what is macrolides side effect

A

ototoxicity
GI disturbances
jaundice
hepatotoxicity
inhibits p450

23
Q

which macrolide has a long effect?

A

azithromycin

24
Q

which macrolide has a short 1/2 life?

A

erythromycin

25
Q

what is clindamycin’s mechanism of action

A

binds to 50s to tRNA acceptor site

26
Q

what is clindamycin effective against

A

gram positive organisms (MRSA) and some anaerobes

27
Q

what is streptogramin’s mechanism of action?

A

targets 50s to prevent elongation and early release of peptide chain

28
Q

what are specific streptogramins

A

quinupristin and dalfopristin

29
Q

what is streptogramins used to treat

A

vancomycin resistant and enterococcus infections

30
Q

what is a side effect of streptogramins

A

hyperbilirubineomia

31
Q

what is oxazolidinone mechanism of action

A

binds to 50s to prevent interaction with 30s. no initiation complex is formed

32
Q

what is a specifics oxazolidinone drug

A

linezoid

33
Q

why was linzolid developed?

A

developed to combat methichillin and vancomyocin resistant gram positive bacteria

34
Q

What are the classes of protein synthesis inhibitors?

A

aminoglycosides
tetracyclines
chloramphenicol
macrolides
clindamycin
streptogramins
oxazolidone

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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