DNA and Folic Acid inhibitors

Question 1

What classes of drugs are DNA and folic acid inhibitors

Answer 1

Fluoroquinilone
folic acid antagonist
sulfonamides
trimethoprim
pyimethamine
rifampin

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action of fluoroquinlone?

Answer 2

inhibits DNA topoisomeraase II and IV

Question 3

What are specific second generation fluroquinilones?

Answer 3

cirpofloxacin
ofloxacin

Question 4

what are specific third generations fluroquinilone

Answer 4

levoflacin

Question 5

what are specific fourth generation fluroquinilone?

Answer 5

moxifloxacin
gemifloxacin
besifloxacin

Question 6

what is second generation fluroquinilone used for?

Answer 6

UTI and GI infections

pseudomonas Aeruginosa
traveler’s diarrhea
myoplasm tuberculosis

Question 7

what is third generation fluroquinilone used for?

Answer 7

respiratory

Question 8

what are fourth generation fluroquinilone used for?

Answer 8

respiratory, sinusitis, and skin infections

good for strep pneumoniae

(not good for UTI)

Question 9

What fluroquinilone is the most gram positive activity

Answer 9

fourth generation

Question 10

what is the drug of choice for anthrax

Answer 10

second generation fluroquinilone

Question 11

what is a l isomer of ofloxacin

Answer 11

levofloxacin

Question 12

what is a side effect of folic acid antagonist?

Answer 12

anemia

Question 13

what are the side effects of fluroquinilone

Answer 13

tendinitis
myasthenia gravis
neuropathy
hypoglycemia
psychiatric effects
increased risk for aorta tears

Question 14

what are specific drugs of folic acid antagonist?

Answer 14

sulfamethoxazole
trimethoprim
polytrim
Bactrim

Question 15

what is sulfamethoxazole’s mechanism of action

Answer 15

synthetic analogue to PABA (1st step in folic acid production)

Question 16

is sulfamethoxazole safe for pregnancy?

Answer 16

no

Question 17

what is sulfamethoxazole used for?

Answer 17

broad spectrum of gram positive and negative
Toxoplasmosis

Question 18

what is the side effects of sulfamethoxazole?

Answer 18

crystalluria
hematolofical disturbances
kernicterus (elevated levels of bilirubin in the brain)
steven johnson syndrome

Question 19

what is trimethoprim’s mechanism of action

Answer 19

inhibits dihyrofolate reductase (second step in folic acid production)

Question 20

what is trimethoprim effective against?

Answer 20

spectrum is similar to sulfamethoxazole, but LESS gram negative

UTI (not the preferred drug)

Question 21

what is the preferred drug for UTI?

Answer 21

cipro

Question 22

what are the side effects of trimethoprim

Answer 22

crystalluria
hematolofical distrubances
kernicterus
steven johnson syndrome

Question 23

what is polytrim made of?

Answer 23

trimethoprim and polymixin B

Question 24

what is the drug of choice for children with bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 24

polytrim

Question 25

what is polytrim's mechanism of action

Answer 25

inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and binds to bacterial cell membrane

Question 26

what is polytrim effective against?

Answer 26

S pneumonia H influenza S aureus s epidermidis

Question 27

what is cotromoxazole made of?

Answer 27

trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Question 28

what is cotrimoxazole effective against?

Answer 28

broad spectrum of GM + and - toxoplasmosis UTI Listeria monocytogenes prophylactic for pneumocystitis jirovecii

Question 29

what is cotrimoxazole mechanism of action

Answer 29

synthetic analogue to PABA (sulfa) inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (trimethoprim)

Question 30

what is the side effects of cotrimoxazole?

Answer 30

cystalluria hematolofical disturbances kernicterus (elevated levels of bilirubin in brain) steven johnson syndrome

Question 31

what is the side effect of rifampin

Answer 31

red tears/ urine

Question 32

what is the mechanism of action of rifampin

Answer 32

blocks RNA transcription

Question 33

what is the adverse reaction of Rifampin

Answer 33

hepatotoxicity

Question 34

what is rifampin used against?

Answer 34

m. tuberculosis m leprae