Test #2 Chapter 7

Question 0

What are the four styles of temperament for babies?

Answer 0

Easy 40%

Difficult 10%

Slow to warm up 15%

Hard to classify 35%

Question 1

Emotional development (early emotions and social awareness)

- smiling and laughing
- fear
- anger and sadness
- social awareness
- self awareness

Answer 1

• smiling comes around 6 weeks and laughing 2-4 months
• fear comes at about 9 months
• anger at 6 months and sadness in the first months
• social awareness – a requirement for certain emotions. like pride in America “You did it yourself!” and modesty and shame in asian families. this can effect people in adulthood.
• self awareness – this is when a child becomes aware that they are distinct individuals from everyone else.

Question 2

Terms for the development of social bonds?
synchrony-
neglected synchrony-

Answer 2

synchrony - a smooth exchange of response between the caregiver and the infant.

neglected synchrony - still face experiments show that when parents show no emotion or reaction to infants they become angry and fussy. synchrony is almost expected.

Question 3

Secure and insecure attachment?

Answer 3

secure - Infant gains both confidence and comfort in presence of his caregiver.

insecure-avoidant- infant avoids connection with the caregiver, infant doesnt care about caregiver presence.

insecure-resistant/ambivalent- the infant becomes very upset upon separation and seeks contact on reunion

disorganized- inconsistent reactions to caregivers departure and return.

Question 4

What is the strange situation?

Answer 4

This is a way to measure attachment.
in a playroom the infant plays with the mother and then the mother leaves and a stranger comes in and leaves then the mother comes back. depending on how the child reacts to the mother returning dictates what kind of attachment the infant has to the baby.

Question 5

What is social referencing?

Answer 5

This is when a child seeks information on how to react to an unfamiliar or ambiguous object or event by observing someone else’s expressions and reactions. The person being observed is the social reference.

Question 6

Describe frauds anal and oral stages?

Answer 6

anal- comes from the satisfaction of bowel movements (second year of life)

oral - mouth is the primary source of gratification (first year of life)

Question 7

International comparisons of day care?

Answer 7

read P.206