Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CNA > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is sanitation?

A

Ways to maintain clean, hygienic conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are microorganisms?

A

Small living things that can only be seen under a microscope; they are on everything you touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should you do if you observe symptoms of an infection?

A

Report it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are localized infection symptoms?

A
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Pain
  • Heat
  • Drainage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are systemic infection symptoms?

A
  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Headache
  • Change in vital signs
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Mental confusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the first link in the chain of infection?

A

Causative Agent: What causes the diseases; microorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the second link in the chain of infection?

A

Reservoir: Where the pathogens live & grow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the third link in the chain of infection?

A

Portal of exit: Opening on the body which allows pathogens to leave; Nose, mouth, eyes, or a cut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the fourth link in the chain of infection?

A

Mode of Transmission: How the pathogens travel; droplet, airborne, contact: indirect or direct or body fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the fifth link in the chain of infection?

A

Portal of entry: Where pathogens enter an UNINFECTED person; Nose, mouth, eyes, mucous membrane, cuts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the sixth link in the chain of infection?

A

Susceptible host: When resistance to disease decreases; reasons: Age, stress, existing illnesses, fatigue, poor nutrition, lack of fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define direct contact in infection transmission.

A

The touching of a person and getting contaminated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define indirect contact in infection transmission.

A

Touching an object and not touching someone and getting contaminated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why are the elderly at risk for infection?

A
  • Require more healthcare
  • Less elastic skin
  • Brittle bones
  • Catheters
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are standard precautions?

A
  • Wash hands
  • Wear gloves
  • Remove gloves when done
  • Wash all skin surfaces that have been contaminated
  • Wear a disposable gown
  • Wear a mask, protective goggles, and/or face shield
  • Use caution when handling razor blades, needles, and other sharps
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When should hand hygiene be performed?

A

Mainly after everything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is PPE and when is it used?

A

Personal Protective Equipment; used when handling blood, diseases, body fluids, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What should you do when handling linen and equipment spills?

A
  • Wear gloves
  • Hold and carry dirty linen away from your body
  • Dispose of linen
  • Do not touch the inside of the container
  • Do not reuse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are Transmission Based Precautions?

A
  • Airborne
  • Droplet
  • Contact
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is airborne transmission?

A

Travels through moisture; it travels through the air after being expelled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is droplet transmission?

A

Travels a short distance after being expelled, such as from a cough or a sneeze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is contact transmission?

A

Coming in touch with someone’s blood or body fluids that have the pathogens in them; can be indirect or direct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does isolation mean in infection control?

A

When you separate things, or keep it by itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is OSHA?

A

A federal government agency that makes and enforces rules to keep us safe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does Hepatitis affect?

A

It causes inflammation to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is HIV?

A

A virus that can cause AIDS and weakens the immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What does MRSA stand for?

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; a type of bacteria that can cause serious infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is VRE?

A

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci; bacteria that lives in the digestive and genital tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is C diff?

A

A bacteria from spores of feces, hard to kill and get rid of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does CRE stand for?

A

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; resistant to antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are common accidents in healthcare?

A
  • Falls
  • Burns
  • Poison
  • Choking
  • Cuts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are some common prevention strategies for falls?

A
  • Knowing who is at risk of falling
  • Wipe up spills
  • Remove clutter
  • Get help
  • Lock bed wheels
  • Return beds to lowest positions
33
Q

What is a Safety Data Sheet?

A

A sheet that provides information on the safe use of hazardous chemicals and steps during an emergency

34
Q

What should you do when handling sharps and biohazard containers?

A
  • Don gloves when disposing
  • Avoid touching when dropping objects into biohazard containers
  • Replace when ¾ full
  • Doff gloves and wash hands afterward
35
Q

What are the guidelines for body mechanic safety?

A
  • Raise the bed to safe working height
  • Stand close to the object
  • Wide base stance
  • Push or slide rather than lifting
  • Bend at the knees, not the back
  • Avoid twisting
  • Use two hands, hold close to your body
36
Q

Define physical restraints.

A

Any method or device that is used to restrict a person’s freedom of movement

37
Q

Define chemical restraints.

A

A medication that calms and reserves a person’s movements and actions

38
Q

What are alternatives to restraints?

A

Ways to avoid restraints or use less harsh methods

39
Q

What are the guidelines for monitoring patients in restraints?

A
  • Must be monitored regularly
  • Have the call light
  • Check every 15 minutes for discomfort and signs of cyanosis
  • Document about restraints
40
Q

What is oxygen therapy?

A

Increases the supply of oxygen in the lungs; nursing responsibility

41
Q

What is intravenous therapy (IV)?

A

The way we deliver medications, nutrition, and body fluids through veins

42
Q

What does RACE stand for in emergency response?

A
  • Rescue
  • Activate
  • Contain
  • Extinguish
43
Q

What does PASS stand for in fire safety?

A
  • Pull
  • Aim
  • Squeeze
  • Sweep
44
Q

What should you do if someone is choking but can speak and breathe?

A

Encourage them to cough as forcefully as possible

45
Q

What is the appropriate action for someone in shock?

A

Lie them in a supine position; if bleeding or vomiting, turn to the side and call for help

46
Q

What should you do for bleeding?

A

Apply gloves, place a sterile pad over the wound, and do not remove the first pad if it becomes full

47
Q

What is the first aid procedure for burns?

A

Notify the nurse, put on gloves, use cool water (NO ice), and apply sterile dressing once pain is gone

48
Q

What should you do if a patient faints?

A

Have them sit and bend forward; if they faint, lower them to the floor

49
Q

What should you do when a patient is vomiting?

A
  • Notify the nurse
  • Use gloves
  • Place emesis basin under chin
  • Note color and amount of vomit
  • Wash hands and provide comfort
50
Q

What should you do for a myocardial infarction?

A
  • Notify the nurse
  • Place in a comfortable position
  • Loosen clothing around neck
  • No food or liquids
  • Monitor breathing
51
Q

What is the CNA’s role during a code?

A

Make sure to respond if part of the code team, no matter the location

52
Q

What should you do during a disaster?

A
  • Remain calm
  • Know locations of exits and stairways
  • Know where fire alarms are
  • Know the correct action to take
53
Q

What factors may influence a patient choosing a facility?

A
  • Review from federal agencies
  • Recommendations from family members
54
Q

What are guidelines for resident adjustment to a new facility?

A
  • Positive attitude
  • Tactful communication
  • Show respect
  • Be responsible
  • Be honest
  • Listen to residents
  • Respect privacy
  • Be patient and kind
55
Q

What is the CNA’s role during admission, transfer, and discharge?

A

Help collect residents’ belongings and personal care items, preparing them to leave

56
Q

What are different methods for measuring weight?

A
  • Normal scale balanced to zero
  • Wheelchair scale
  • Bed scale
57
Q

What are the two methods for measuring height?

A
  • Normal height scale
  • Tape measure for bedridden patients
58
Q

What is the CNA’s role during physical exams?

A

Observe what is happening and retrieve items for the doctor, but do not participate in the exam

59
Q

Define dorsal recumbent position.

A

Flat on back, knees flexed, feet flat on bed; used for examining breast, chest, abdomen, perineal

60
Q

Define lithotomy position.

A

On back, hips at the edge of bed, feet flat on stirrups; used for examining vagina

61
Q

Define knee-chest position.

A

Lying on abdomen, knees pulled towards abdomen, legs separated; used for examining rectum or vagina

62
Q

What is the importance of sleep?

A

Restores energy, replaces old cells with new ones, provides new energy to organs

63
Q

What is insomnia?

A

Inability to fall asleep or remain asleep

64
Q

What is sleep apnea?

A

Disruption of breathing while a person is sleeping

65
Q

What is bruxism?

A

Grinding and clenching of the teeth

66
Q

What factors can affect sleep?

A
  • Environment
  • Odors
  • Illness
  • Aging changes
  • Dietary habits
  • Medications
67
Q

What is standard equipment in a resident unit?

A
  • Bed
  • Bedside stand
  • Overbed table
  • Chair
  • Bath basin
  • Emesis basin
  • Bedpan
  • Urinal for males
  • Water pitcher and cup
  • Privacy screen or curtain
  • Call light
68
Q

What types of equipment are used for cleaning?

A

Disposable equipment such as cups, tissues, gloves, paper gowns, masks, disposable razors, and absorbent pads

69
Q

What is an open bed?

A

Linen folded down to the foot of the bed

70
Q

What is a closed bed?

A

Made for a resident who will be out of bed all day

71
Q

What is a surgical bed?

A

Ready for someone after surgery

72
Q

What is an occupied bed?

A

Bed made while someone is in it

73
Q

What is an unoccupied bed?

A

Bed made while no resident is in the bed

74
Q

What are the guidelines for body alignment and posture?

A
  • Assess the load
  • Think ahead
  • Make a plan
  • Check the base of support
  • Face what you are lifting
  • Keep back straight
  • Squat
  • Tighten your stomach
  • Keep object close to body
  • Push instead of lifting if possible
75
Q

What is lateral position?

A

Lying on either side of the body

76
Q

What is Sims position?

A

Lying on left side with one leg drawn up

77
Q

What is supine position?

A

Lying on back

78
Q

What is prone position?

A

Lying on stomach

79
Q

What is Fowler’s position?

A

Semi-sitting

CNA (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions