Chapter 21 terms

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

moving a body part away from the midline of the body

Question 2

adduction

Answer 2

moving a body part toward the midline of the body

Question 3

amputation

Answer 3

the surgical removal of part or all of a body part

Question 4

arthritis

Answer 4

a general term that refers to inflammation of the joints

Question 5

atrophy

Answer 5

weakening or wasting away a muscle

Question 6

bones

Answer 6

rigid connective tissues that make up the skeleton, lend support to body structures, allow the body to move, and protect the organs

Question 7

bursae

Answer 7

tiny sacs of fluid that are located near joints and help reduce friction

Question 8

bursitis

Answer 8

a condition in which the bursae become inflamed and painful

Question 9

cartilage

Answer 9

the protective substance that covers the ends of bones and makes up the discs that are found between vertebrae

Question 10

flexion

Answer 10

bending a body part

Question 11

fracture

Answer 11

a broken bone

Question 12

full weight-bearing (FWB)

Answer 12

a doctor’s order stating that a person can support full body weight on both legs

Question 13

joints

Answer 13

the points where two bones meet; provide movement and flexibility

Question 14

ligaments

Answer 14

strong bands of fibrous connective tissue that connect bones or cartilage and support the joints and joint movement

Question 15

muscles

Answer 15

groups of tissue that contract and relax, allowing motion, supporting the body, protecting organs, and creating heat

Question 16

muscular dystrophy

Answer 16

an inherited, progressive disease that causes a gradual wasting away of muscle, resulting in weakness and deformity.

Question 17

non-weight bearing (NWB)

Answer 17

a doctor’s order stating that a person is unable to touch the floor or support their body weight on one or both feet

Question 18

osteoarthritis

Answer 18

a type of arthritis that usually affects weight-bearing joints

Question 19

osteoporosis

Answer 19

a condition in which the bones become brittle and weak, causing them to break easily

Question 20

partial weight-bearing (PWB)

Answer 20

a person is able to support some weight

Question 21

phantom limb pain

Answer 21

pain in a limb that has been amputated

Question 22

phantom sensation

Answer 22

warmth, itching, or tingling from a body part that has been amputated

Question 23

prosthesis

Answer 23

an artifical device that replaced a body part, such as an eye

Question 24

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 24

a type of arthritis in which joints become red, swollen, and very painful

Question 25

tendons

Answer 25

tough fibrous bands that connect muscle to bone