Chapter 6 Terms Flashcards
Antimicrobial
An agent that destroys, resists, and prevents the development of pathogens
Autoclave
An appliance used to sterilize medical instruments
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriiaceae (CRE)
bacteria that have developed resistance to carbapenems. (antibiotics)
Carrier
a person who carries pathogens without signs or symptoms
Catheter
tube inserted through the skin or into a body opening that is used to drain fluid
C. diff
an abbreviation for clostridioides
a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill
Center for disease control and prevention (CDC)
federal government agency responsible for improving overall health and safety
communicable disease
an infectious disease transmissible by direct contact or by indirect contact
Contagious disease
A type of communicable disease that spreads quickly from person to person
contaminated
soiled, unclean, having disease-causing organisms or infectious material on it.
Cross-infection
Physical movement or transfer of harmful bacteria from one person, object, or place to another.
Dehydration
excessive loss of water from the body
Direct contact
way to transmit pathogens through touching the infected person or his secretions.
disinfection
destroy most but not all pathogens
doff
to remove
don
to put on
drainage
flow of fluids from a wound or cavity
Exposure control plan
plan that outlines specific work practices to prevent exposure
Exposure incident
specific eye, mouth, and another mucous membrane, etc that had contact with blood during an employee duty
Fomite
an object that is contaminated with pathogens
healthcare-associated infection (HAI)
an infection acquired within a healthcare setting during care
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses
incubation period
the period between exposure to a pathogen and the time it causes visible symptoms
indirect contact
way to transmit pathogens by touching something
infection
the state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying
Infection prevention
set of methods used to prevent and control the spread
Infectious disease
any disease caused by the growth of pathogens
isolate
to keep something separate or by itself
localized infection
an infection that is limited to a specific location
Malnutrition
a serious condition in which a person is not getting proper nutrition
medical asepsis
measures used to reduce, remove, and control the spread of pathogens
microbe or microorganism
a living thing that is so small that it is only visible under a microscope
MRSA
bacteria that have developed resistance to the antibiotic methicillin
Mucous membrane
the membranes that line the body cavities that open to the outside
Noncommunicable disease
a disease not capable of being spread from one person to another
nonintact skin
skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, etc.
normal flora
a microorganism that lives in the body and doesn’t normally cause harm
OSHA
a federal government that makes and enforces rules to protect workers
perineal care
care of the genitals and anal area
reinfection
being infected again with the same pathogen
resistance
the body’s ability to prevent infections
surgical asepsis
the state of being completely free of microorganisms (sterile technique)
Systemic infection
an infection that is in the bloodstream and spread throughout the body
