Test 1 Vocabulary Chapter 5

Question 1

Active Transport

Answer 1

requires energy to more molecules against concentration gradient
against gradient
requires energy

Question 2

Allosteric Regularion

Answer 2

regulation of activity of a protein

Question 3

Aquaporin

Answer 3

allow water to diffuse across membranes
found in mammal kidney and plant root cells
important for water absorption

Question 4

Bulk Transport

Answer 4

moving large volumes into or out of the cell via membrane bound vesicles

Question 5

Channel Protein

Answer 5

integral membrane that forms an aqueous passageway across the membrane

Question 6

Diffusion

Answer 6

molecules move from areas if higher concentration to areas of lower concentration

Question 7

Endocytosis

Answer 7

liquid or solid particles are taken up by a cell though invagination of the plasmamembrane

Question 8

Exocytosis

Answer 8

process by which a vesicle within a cell fuses with the plasma membrane and releases it contents to the outside

Question 9

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 9

molecules allowed to cross the membrane via specific patterns

Question 10

Fluid Mosaic model

Answer 10

moves around many different things

Question 11

Gated Channel

Answer 11

opens in response to stimulus

allosertic

Question 12

Hypertonic

Answer 12

concentration is higher on the outside of the cell
high concentration of solute
shrivels

Question 13

Hypotonic

Answer 13

Concentration is higher on the inside of the cell
low concentration of solute
lyses

Question 14

Isotonic

Answer 14

Equal

normal

Question 15

Kinase

Answer 15

enzyme that catalyzed the addition of a phosphate group from ATP to a target protein

Question 16

Ligand

Answer 16

chemical signals that bind to proteins

Question 17

Osmosis

Answer 17

diffusion of water across a membrane

Question 18

Passive Transport

Answer 18

solute movement with the concentration gradient
no energy needed
simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion

Question 19

Signal Transduction Pathway

Answer 19

series of biochemical steps whereby a stimulus to a cell is translated into a response of the cell

Question 20

Simple Diffusion

Answer 20

doesn’t involve direct imput of energy or assistance by carrier proteins