Test 1 Vocabulary Chapter 2 Flashcards
Anabolic Reaction
a synthetic reaction where simple molecules are linked to form more complex ones
requires imput of energy
Atom
can’t be divided further
composed of nucleus (center) - neutrons and protons(positive)
Electrons (outside) negative
Carbohydrate
contain Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O)\
store energy in chemical bonds
anything with suffix -ose (glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose)
Catabolic Reaction
a synthetic reaction where complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones
energy is released
Chemical Reaction
the change in the composition or distribution of atoms of a substance with consequent alterations inproperties
Cohesion
water sticking to itself
surface tension
Condensation Reaction
forming bonds releases water
Covalent Bond
Share electrons
Disachharide
a carbohydrate made up of 2 monosaccharides
Electron Shell
the region surrounding the atomic nucleus at a fixed energy level where electrons orbit
Electron
a subatomic particle outside the nucleus
negatively charged
Elelment
a substance that cannot be converted to simpler substances by ordinary means
Fatty Acid
long chains of C with H, anchored with carboxyl group
saturated - H (or C) at every possible C bond and unsaturated
no C=C (double bonds)
Functional Group
A characteristic combination of atoms that contribute specific properties when attached to larger molecules
Glycerol
A three carbon alcohol with three hydroxl groups
component of phospholipids and triglycerides
Hydrogen Bond
weak electrical forces cause an attraction (like magnets) weak molecules are polar
Hydrolysis
breaking bonds requires water imput
Hydrophillic
love water
polar
Hydrophobic
Hate water
non polar
Ion
Formed when atoms borrow electrons
Ionic Bond
taken not shared
First Law of Theromodynamics
Conservation of energy; cannot be created or destroyed (can be transferred)
Lipid
Long term energy storage (fats and oils)
predominately Carbon (C), and Hydrogen (H)
Hydrophobic (nonpolar)
Macromolecule
a giant polymeric molecule
