Test 1 Vocabulary Chapter 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Anabolic Reaction

A

a synthetic reaction where simple molecules are linked to form more complex ones
requires imput of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Atom

A

can’t be divided further
composed of nucleus (center) - neutrons and protons(positive)
Electrons (outside) negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Carbohydrate

A

contain Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O)\
store energy in chemical bonds
anything with suffix -ose (glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Catabolic Reaction

A

a synthetic reaction where complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones
energy is released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chemical Reaction

A

the change in the composition or distribution of atoms of a substance with consequent alterations inproperties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cohesion

A

water sticking to itself

surface tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Condensation Reaction

A

forming bonds releases water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Share electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Disachharide

A

a carbohydrate made up of 2 monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Electron Shell

A

the region surrounding the atomic nucleus at a fixed energy level where electrons orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Electron

A

a subatomic particle outside the nucleus

negatively charged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Elelment

A

a substance that cannot be converted to simpler substances by ordinary means

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fatty Acid

A

long chains of C with H, anchored with carboxyl group
saturated - H (or C) at every possible C bond and unsaturated
no C=C (double bonds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Functional Group

A

A characteristic combination of atoms that contribute specific properties when attached to larger molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glycerol

A

A three carbon alcohol with three hydroxl groups

component of phospholipids and triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hydrogen Bond

A

weak electrical forces cause an attraction (like magnets) weak molecules are polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hydrolysis

A

breaking bonds requires water imput

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hydrophillic

A

love water

polar

19
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Hate water

non polar

20
Q

Ion

A

Formed when atoms borrow electrons

21
Q

Ionic Bond

A

taken not shared

22
Q

First Law of Theromodynamics

A

Conservation of energy; cannot be created or destroyed (can be transferred)

23
Q

Lipid

A

Long term energy storage (fats and oils)
predominately Carbon (C), and Hydrogen (H)
Hydrophobic (nonpolar)

24
Q

Macromolecule

A

a giant polymeric molecule

25
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum of all reactions in a particular organism

26
Q

Molecule

A

a chemical substance made up of two or more atoms joined by covalent bond or ionic attractions

27
Q

Monomer

A

consist of one molecule unit

28
Q

Monsaccharide

A

a simple sugar

29
Q

Neutron

A

no charge

30
Q

Nucleus (atom)

A

centrally located

in eukaryotic cells

31
Q

Oligosaccharide

A

a polymer containing a small number of monosaccharides

32
Q

Phospholipid Bilayer

A

hydrophillic heads

hydrophobic tails

33
Q

Phospholipid

A

molecule with hydrophobic and hydrophillic parts

34
Q

Polar Covalent Bond

A

electrons are drawn to one nucleus more than another

35
Q

Polymer

A

simple molecules and macromolecules

36
Q

Polysaccharide

A

long term energy storage

37
Q

Product

A

the molecules that result from the completion of a chemical reaction

38
Q

Proton

A

positive charge

determine what an atom is

39
Q

Reactant

A

a chemical substance that enters into a chemical reaction with another substance

40
Q

Saturated Fatty Acid

A

all the bonds between carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain are single bonds

41
Q

Triglyceride

A

Molecule type of glycerol and three fatty acids

42
Q

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

A

hydrocarbon chain contains one or more double bonds

43
Q

Second Law of Thermodynamics

A

Disorder tends to increase energy transfer is inefficient

some energy escapes the heat