Test 1 Vocabulary Chapter 3

Question 1

Adenine

Answer 1

Purine

Question 1

Active site

Answer 1

Where the substrate connects

Question 2

Allosteric regulation

Answer 2

Somewhere other than the active site

Noncompetitive (doesn’t compete for active site)

Question 3

Alpha helix

Answer 3

Secondary protein structure

Spiral

Question 4

Amino acid

Answer 4

Organic compound

Question 5

Beta pleated sheet

Answer 5

Type of protein in secondary structure

Question 6

Catalyst

Answer 6

Chemical substance that accelerates a reaction

Question 7

Competitive inhibitor

Answer 7

A non substrate that binds to the active site of an enzyme

Inhibits binding of substrate

Question 8

Complementary base pairing

Answer 8

A-T/U

G-C

Question 9

Cytosine

Answer 9

Pyrimidines

Question 10

Denatured

Answer 10

Loss of activity of an enzyme or nucleic acid

Structural changes

Question 11

DNA

Answer 11

Genes

Question 12

Endergonic

Answer 12

Chemical reaction
Products have higher free energy
Require energy imput to occur

Question 13

Enzyme

Answer 13

Catalytic protein that speeds up reactions

Question 14

Enzyme - substrate complex

Answer 14

Intermediate in an enzyme catalyzed reaction

Question 15

Exergonic

Answer 15

Chemical reactions

Release of free energy

Question 16

Feedback inhibition

Answer 16

Regulating metabolic pathway

Question 17

Guanine

Answer 17

Purine

Question 18

Inhibition

Answer 18

Stop

Question 19

Noncompetitive inhibitor

Answer 19

A non substrate that inhibits the activity of an enzyme by binding somewhere other than the active site

Question 20

Nucleic acid

Answer 20

Polymer made up of nucleotides

Storage transmission and expression of genetic info

Question 21

Nucleotide

Answer 21

Basal chemical unit in nucleic acids

Pentode sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen containing base

Question 22

Peptide Linkage

Answer 22

bond between amino acids in a protein

Question 23

Primary Structure (protein)

Answer 23

specific sequence of amino acids in a protein

Question 24

Purine

Answer 24

nitrogenous base in a nucleic acid | A and G

Question 25

Prymidine

Answer 25

nitrogenous base in a nucleic acid | C and T

Question 26

Quaternary structure (protein)

Answer 26

3-D arrangement of protein subunits

Question 27

RNA

Answer 27

single stranded nucleic acid whose nucleotides use ribosomes rather than deoxyribose

Question 28

ribose

Answer 28

a small particle in the cell that is the site of protein synthesis

Question 29

Secondary Structure (Protein)

Answer 29

localized regularities of a structure alpha helix beta pleated sheet

Question 30

Side Chain

Answer 30

distinguishing group of atoms of a particular amino acid

Question 31

Substrate

Answer 31

molecule on which an enzyme exerts a catalytic action

Question 32

Tertiary structure (protein)

Answer 32

relative locations in 3-D space of all the atoms in the molecule

Question 33

Thymine (T)

Answer 33

prymidine

Question 34

Uracil (U)

Answer 34

RNA prymidine

Question 35

Smooth ER

Answer 35

lacks ribosomes | has tubular appearacnce

Question 36

Rough ER

Answer 36

surface has ribosomes

Question 37

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 37

system of folded membranes found in cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

Question 38

Cytoskeleton

Answer 38

network of mictrotubules and micro filaments | gives shape