Bio 141 Notes (1/28/2014)

Question 1

Monomer

Answer 1

single unit

Question 2

Hydrolisis

Answer 2

water breaking up something

Question 3

polymers

Answer 3

most biologically active molecules

Question 4

Carbohydrates

Answer 4

contain Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O)
store energy in chemical bonds
anything with suffix -ose (glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose)

Question 5

Hexose Sugars

Answer 5

commonly encountered monosaccharides

Question 6

Pentose Sugars

Answer 6

components of nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) and ATP

Question 7

Simple Sugars

Answer 7

Mono and Disaccharides
taste sweet and are broken down easily
(-saccharide = sugar)

Question 8

What makes food sweet

Answer 8

tongue can taste food chemicals

sweetness: glucose < Sucrose < Fructose

Question 9

Polysaccharides

Answer 9

long term energy storage

Question 10

Cellulose

Answer 10

plant cell walls
most abundant in organic molecules in nature
resistant to being broken down

Question 11

Lipids

Answer 11

long term energy storage (fats and oils)
predominantly Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H)
Hydrophobic - non polar

Question 12

Fatty Acids

Answer 12

long chains of C with H, anchored with carboxyl group
saturated - H (or C) at every possible C bond
and unsaturated
no C=C (double bonds)

Question 13

Triglycerides

Answer 13

molecule type of glycerol and three fatty acids

Question 14

Sterols

Answer 14

cell membrane and signaling (hormones)

Question 15

Phospholipids

Answer 15

molecule with hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts

two layers