Test 1 Chapter 3 Words in Book

Question 1

what are the models of abnormality

Answer 1

biological, psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, humanisitc, existential, family-social and multicultural

Question 2

what is the biopsychosocial theory

Answer 2

attributes cause of abnormality to an interaction of genetic, biological, emotional, behavioral, cognitive, social and societal influences

Question 3

what is developmental psychopathology

Answer 3

uses developmental framework to understand how variables and principles from the various models may collectively account for human functioning

Question 4

what is the difference between equifinality and multifinality in developmental psychopathology

Answer 4

equifinality: a number of different development pathways can lead to the same psychological disorder
multifinality: persons with a similar developmental history may nevertheless react to similar current situations in different ways

Question 5

culture-sensitive therapies

Answer 5

appraoches that are designed to help address the unique issues faced by members of cultural minority groups

Question 6

what are gender-sensitive therapies

Answer 6

approaches geared to the pressures of being a woman in western society

Question 7

couple therapy

Answer 7

therapy in which the therapist works with two people who share a long-term relationship

Question 8

what is community mental health treatment

Answer 8

treatment approach that emphasizes community care

-allows clients to receive treatment in familiar social surroundings

Question 9

multicultural perspective

Answer 9

view that each culture within a larger society has a particular set of values and beliefs, as well as special external pressures, that help account for the behavior and functioning of its members

Question 10

what is family therapy

Answer 10

therapy format in which the therapist meets with all members of a family and helps them change in therapeutic ways

Question 11

what is self-group help

Answer 11

group made of people with similar problems who help and support one another without the direct leadership of a clinician

Question 12

what is family systems therapy

Answer 12

views the family as a system of interacting parts whose interactions exhibit consistent patterns and unstated rules
-each family holds own rules and patterns that shape behavior

Question 13

what is group therapy

Answer 13

therapy format in which a group of people with similar problems meet together with a therapist to work on those problems

Question 14

what is existential therapy

Answer 14

encourages clients to accept responsibility for their lives and to live with greater meaning and value

Question 15

what is gestalt therapy

Answer 15

humanistic therapy developed in which clinicians actively move clients towards self recognition and self acceptance by using techniques such as role playing and self discovery exercises

Question 16

self-actualization

Answer 16

humanistic process by which people fulfill their potential for goodness and growth

Question 17

what is client centered therapy

Answer 17

humanistic theory in which clinicians try to help clients by conveying acceptance, accurate empathy, and genuineness

Question 18

exposure therapy

Answer 18

behavior focused intervention in which fearful people are repeatedly exposed to the objects or situations they dread

Question 19

classical conditioning

Answer 19

process of learning by temporal association in which two events that repeatedly occur close together in time become fused in a person’s mind and produce the same response

Question 20

modeling

Answer 20

process of learning in which an individual acquires responses by observing and imitating others

Question 21

operant conditioning

Answer 21

process of learning in which individuals come to behave in certain ways as a result of experiencing consequences of one kind or another whenever they perform the behavior

Question 22

define conditoning

Answer 22

a simple form of learning

Question 23

catharsis

Answer 23

reliving of past repressed feelings in order to settle internal conflicts and overcome problems

Question 24

resistance

Answer 24

unconscious refusal to participate in therapy

Question 25

free association

Answer 25

psychodynamic technique in which the patient describes any thought, feeling, or image that comes to mind even if it seems unimportant

Question 26

object relations theory

Answer 26

psychodynamic theory that views the desire for relationships as the key motivating force in human behavior

Question 27

ego defense mechanisms

Answer 27

strategies developed by the ego to control unacceptable id impulses and to avoid or reduce the anxiety they arouse

Question 28

hormones

Answer 28

chemicals released by endocrine glands into bloodstream

Question 29

model

Answer 29

set of assumptions and concepts that help scientists explain and interpret observations

Question 30

what are the models of abnormality

Answer 30

1) biological: sees physical processes as key to human behavior
2) psychodynamic: looks at people’s unconscious internal processes and conflicts
3) cognitive-behavioral: emphasizes behavior, the way it is learned and the thinking behind it
4) humanistic-existential: stresses role of values and choices
5) sociocultural: looks to social and cultural forces as keys to functioning (family social perspective and multicultural perspective)