Test 1 Chapter 1 Words in Book Flashcards
multicultural psychology
field that examines the impact of culture, race, ethnicity and gender on behaviors and thoughts and focuses on how such factors may influence the origin, nature and treatment of abnormal behavior
positive psychology/ solution focused
study of positive feelings, traits and abilities to promote psychological wellness
psychotropic medications
drugs that mainly affect the brain and reduce many symptoms of mental disfunction
deinstitutionaliztion
practice of releasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals
psychoanalysis
theory or treatment of abnormal mental functioning that emphasizes psychological forces as the cause of psychopathology
state hospitals
state-run public mental institutions in the united states
moral treatment
approach to treatment people with mental disfunction that emphasized moral guidance and humane and respectful treatment
asylum
type of institution that first became popular in 16th century to provide care for persons with mental disorders, eventually became virtual prisons
humors
according to the Greeks and Romans, bodily chemicals that influence mental and physical health (yellow bile, black bile, blood and phlegm)
treatment/ therapy
systematic procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior (therapy)
trephination
ancient operation in which a stone instrument was used to cut away a circular section of the skull to treat abnormal behavior
norms
society’s stated and unstated rules for proper conduct
culture
person’s common history, values, institutions, habits, skills technology and arts
abnormal psychology
scientific study of abnormal behavior undertaken to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning
institutions
various types (asylums, mental hospitals, in-patient centers, private practices) founded to help people with mental health issues
general history of psychopathology
- used to think mental health was supernatural, would cut away part of skull to remove the demons
- imbalance of 4 humans caused mental illness, would remove some of the humors to balance and fix mental illness
- back to blaming demons for mental health (witchcraft)
- rise of asylums which eventually turned prison like
- 19th century increase in moral and humane treatment
- then the development of psychogenic and somatogenic perspectives
how did multiculturalism used to affect therapy
- people used to prescribe different things in therapy for different cultures
- multiculturalism is a sensitive topic
are their certain cultures/communities being diagnosed with things more?
can’t really answer this because can’t separate culture from society
how do we diagnose people (two things)
signs: observable elements
- potentially more objective
symptoms: reported
- less reliable/subjective
what is presenting problems
report symptoms and then the doctor looks for signs principle Dx (diagnosis) -> counseling
ex. headaches, achey -> principal Dx is sleep deprivation
but at therapist, not sleeping -> principal Dx is being cheated on
what is chaining
one problem comes from another, and then comes from another, etc
what is diagnosis
(by knowledge) when we piece variables together to come up with a knowledgable decision as to what is going on
what is diagnosis done by
clinical judgement (insight/intuition)
- gain this when you see a lot of people and know the signs, still need to use DSM
- look at psychological (why) and descriptive (what you say, facts) factors
what is the acronym used to diagnose
SOAP Subjective Objective Assessment Plan
what is reliability in diagnosis
many clinicians and same patient coming up with the same diagnosis
what is validity in diagnosis
many patients, same diagnosis (symptoms/signs)
ex. manic depression (now called bipolar) all put in a center and it was realized not as many similarities as previously thought
what is etiology
study of causes or origins of disorders (hard to do)
what is psychotropic
medicine to affect brain functioning and improve mental functioning
-SSRI and NSSRI
what is course
how long something will last
-it is good to find best course of treatment, but can’t really do this in mental health because never sure how long something will last (no petri dish)
what are the three kinds of courses
1) chronic: long term and long lasting
2) episodes: shorter periods of time when you experience something (goes up and down in waves)
3) time limited: moreso in medical field “this will last two weeks”
