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Animal Body 1 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Skull
Vertebral Column
Sternum
Ribs

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2
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

Fore & Hind Limbs

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3
Q

Heterotrophic Skeleton

A

“Splanchnic”

Os penis/baculum

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4
Q

Function of the Skeleton

A 
Support
Movement
Protection
Storage
Haematopoesis
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5
Q

Axial skeleton function

A

support & propulsion

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6
Q

Appendicular skeleton function

A

propulsion, some support

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7
Q

Cranial

A

toward head

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8
Q

Caudal

A

toward tail

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9
Q

Proximal

A

near main mass of structure

the attached end of a limb

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10
Q

Ventral

A

toward ventrum (belly)

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11
Q

Dorsal

A 
toward dorm (back)
cranial of limbs
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12
Q

Distal

A

away from main mass of structure
free end
digestive near anal

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13
Q

Palmar

A

caudal aspect of forelimb below carpus (opposite dorsal)

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14
Q

Plantar

A

caudal aspect of hindlimb below tarsus (opposite dorsal)

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15
Q

Medial

A

toward median plane

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16
Q

Lateral

A

away from median plane

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17
Q

Axis

A

central line of body

in line with 2nd cervical vertebra

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18
Q

Axial

A

toward plane of axis

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19
Q

Abaxial

A

away from plane of axis

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20
Q

Rostral

A

(head) toward nose

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21
Q

Caudal (head)

A

(head) away from nose

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22
Q

Mesial

A

(teeth) toward central line of front of mouth (toward rostral midline)

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23
Q

Distal (head)

A

(teeth) away from the central line of the front of mouth (away from rostral midline)

24
Q

Buccal

A

(oral cavity) toward the cheek

25
Q

Lingual

A

(oral cavity) toward the tongue

26
Q

Palatal

A

(oral cavity) toward hard palate

27
Q

Oral

A

toward the mouth

28
Q

Aboral

A

away from the mouth

29
Q

Joint/articulation definition

A

a junction between two or more bones

30
Q

Groups/types of joints

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Fibro-cartilaginous

31
Q

Fibrous joint

A

dense connective tissue

little movement

32
Q

Cartilaginous joint

A

cartilage

some movement

33
Q

Synovial joint

A

joint cavity with synovial fluid

a lot of movement

34
Q

Menisci

A 
fibrocartilage pad (cushion) within synovial joint to improve connection between bones 
assists movement
35
Q

Epiphysis

A

end of the bone

36
Q

Diaphysis

A

shaft of the bone

37
Q

Growth Plates

A

look like a joint/fracture on rads

endochondral ossification occurs here (cartilage->bone)

38
Q

Types of Synovial joint

A

*ball & socket
*hinge
plane
*condylar
pivot
ellipsoidal
saddle

39
Q

Example of a ball & socket joint

40
Q

Example of a hinge joint

41
Q

Example of a condylar joint

42
Q

Protraction

A

cranial movement of limb

43
Q

Retraction

A

caudal movement of limb

44
Q

Flexion

A

bend limb/decrease angle of joint

45
Q

Extension

A

straighten limb/increase angle of joint

46
Q

Abduction

A

move limb away from body

47
Q

Adduction

A

move limb toward body

48
Q

Circumduction

A

move limb in circular motion

49
Q

Rotation

A

move limb around long axis

50
Q

Supination

A

lateral rotation so palmar/plantar is medial

51
Q

Pronation

A

medial rotation so palmar/plantar is down

52
Q

Flexure angle

A

orientation on joint where flexion occurs

53
Q

Origin

A

proximal/dorsal/cranial/central attachment point of a muscle

54
Q

Insertion

A

distal/ventral/caudal/peripheral attachment point of a muscle

55
Q

Agonist

A

induces a certain action

56
Q

Antagonist

A

induces an opposite movement than an agonist

Animal Body 1 (20 decks)

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