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Animal Body 1 > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Axial skeleton is

A

vertebral column
skull & hyoid
ribs & sternum

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2
Q

Appendicular skeleton is

A

fore & hind limbs

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3
Q

Heterotropic/splanchnic skeleton

A

os penis

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4
Q

Manubrium

A

1st sternal bone
S1
most cranial

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5
Q

Xyphoid process

A

last sternal bone
S8
most caudal
cranial attachment of linea alba

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6
Q

Body of sternum

A

S2-S7

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7
Q

of rib pairs (dog & cat)

A

13
9 true
4 false

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8
Q

True rib

A

articulated with sternum
1-9
sternal rib

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9
Q

False rib

A

not articulated with sternum
10-12
13 (floating)
asternal rib

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10
Q

Costal arch

A

cartilages of asternal ribs blended together

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11
Q

Components of a rib

A 
head
neck 
tubercle
body
costal cartilage (ventral)
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12
Q

Costal cartilage

A

cartilaginous continuation of distal bony end of rib

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13
Q

Costochondryl junction

A

connection between bone & cartilage of rib

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14
Q

Dog vertebral formula

A

C7, T13, L7, S3, Cd20-23

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15
Q

Sacrum

A

3 sacral vertebrae (fused)

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16
Q

General # of vertebrae

A

~50

17
Q

Morphological groups of vertebrae

A 
cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral
caudal
18
Q

Function of the vertebrae

A

protect spinal cord & nerves
attachment point for muscle
head support

19
Q

Components of a vertebra

A 
spinous process
body 
transverse process
cranial articular process
caudal articular process
accessory process
mammillary process
20
Q

Intervertebral disc

A

(outer) fibrocartilage with (inner) gel-like nucleus pulpsous & surrounded by annulus fibrosus

21
Q

Function of intervertebral disc

A

absorb shock

allow some movement

22
Q

Flexion of vertebral column looks like

A

arched dorsally (cat pose)

23
Q

Extension of vertebral column looks like

A

arched ventrally (cow pose)

24
Q

Describe the atlas

A

C1
cranially articulates with occipital condyle of skull
flat transverse processes
caudally articulates with lateral & transverse foramen of C2 (axis)

25
Q

Describe the axis

A

C2
cranially articulates with dens/odontoid process (points cranially)
tall dorsal spinous process
transverse processes point caudally

26
Q

C3-C7

A

all similar
C6 has large transverse processes
C7 has tall spinous process

27
Q

Describe the thoracic vertebrae

A 
first 9 similar, last 4 start looking lumbar
tall spinous processes
short vertebral bodies
short & blunt transverse processes 
T12 & 13 are anticlinal vertebra
28
Q

Describe lumbar vertebrae

A

long bodies
large transverse process (point cranially)
short & wide spinous processes

29
Q

How many caudal vertebrae can you expect?

A

20-23 in dogs

30
Q

Anticlinal vertebrae

A

T12,13

spinous processes point cranially instead of caudally

Animal Body 1 (20 decks)

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