Terminal Respiration Flashcards
What do redox reaction do in respiration?
Pass electrons around which end up combining with oxygen
What is the only site of oxidative phosphorylation?
Mitochonria
What does the mitochondria allow in terms of oxidative phosphorylation?
The coupling of oxidation of carbon fuels to ATP synthesis
What structures are present in mitochondria?
Cristae
Matrix
Outer membrane
Inner membrane
Inter membrane space
What is the purpose of cristae?
Increases the surface area
What is abundant in the matrix?
Full of proteins
Where do most reactions happen in mitochondria?
On the inner membreane
Where is most NADH and FADH2 found and why?
In the mitochondria due to citric acid cycle and B-oxidation
Where is some NADH and FADH2 found and what needs to happen to them?
In the cytosol and they need to be transfered into the mitochondria
Which of NADH and FADH2 can cross the membrane of the mitochondria?
NADH cannot cross the membrane, but FADH2 can pass its electrons onto the electron transport chain
What is the passage of electrons from FADH2 into the electron transport chain called?
Glycerol phosphate shuttle
What does the glycerol phosphate shuttle look like?
What happens during the glycerol phosphate shuttle?
- NADH passes its electrons onto dihydroxyacetone phosphate which becomes glycerol-3-phosphate
- Crosses the outer membrane and passes electrons onto FAD which becomes FADH2
- FADH2 enters the electron transport chain
Which of the oxidation of FADH2 and NADH generates more ATP per molecule?
NADH
What is the disadvantage of using substrates from the cytosol?
An energetic price is paid getting them into the mitochondria
What are the 4 proteins that make up the electron transport chain?
- NADH-Q Oxidoreductase
- Succinate-Q reductase
- Q-cytochrome C oxidoreductase
- Cytochrome C oxidase
How many of the 4 proteins of the electron transport chain push protons across?
3
What proteins of the electron transport chain push protons acorss?
NADH-Q oxidoreductase (1)
Q-cytochrome C oxidoreductase (3)
Cytochrome C oxidase (4)
What impacts the amount of energy you can yield from electron carriers?
Which protein of the electron transport chain they use, as succinate-Q reductase doesn’t push protons through
What does complex 1 (NADH-Q oxidoreductase) do?
Oxideses NADH and passes e- onto ubiquinone to make ubiquinol (QH2)
Passes H+ into the intermembrane space
What centres does complex 1 (NADH-Q reductase) use?
Fe-S centres
FMN (flavin mononuleotide)
What does complex 2 (Succinate-Q reductase) do?
Oxidises FADH2 and passes e- to ubinquinone which becomes ubiquinol (QH2)