Anatomy of Muscles and Nerves Flashcards
What are some functions of muscles?
Muscles are used for:
Movement (of the skeleton, intestines, heart and blood vessels)
Static support
Heat production
What are the 3 types of muscles?
The 3 types of muscles are:
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
How do skeletal muscles attach to the bone?
Skeletal muscles attach to the bone by tendons
Explain the shape of skeletal muscles?
Different skeletal muscles are different shapes to suit their function
What are tendons made of?
Dense connective tissue
What can tendons do?
Tendons can alter force direction
What do tendons not do?
Tendons do not shorten
What do muscles do to the joints the cross?
Muscles innervate the joints they cross by pulling them
How do muscles allow joints to perform different kinds of movements?
Muscles can wrap around joints in many ways to allow different kinds of movements
What do the muscles that innervate the elbow joint do?
Muscles allow the elbow joint to perform flexion or extension
What do muscles that innervate the shoulder joint do?
Muscles that innervate the shoulder joint stabalise the joint and allow its various movements
What nerve supplies the muscles within a compartment?
The same nerve usually supplies all the muscles within a compartment
What nerve supplies all the extensors in the upper limbs?
The radial nerve supplies all extensors in the upper limbs
How many spinal nerves are there?
There are 12 cranial and 31 spinal nerves
What are the different divisions of the nervous system?
The nervous system is composed of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems
