Additional Immunology Flashcards
What are some different classes of helper T cells?
TH1
TH2
TH17
TFH
What is the defining cytokine of TH1?
IFN-gamma
What are the defining cytokines of TH2?
IL-4
IL-5
IL-13
What are the defining cytokines of TH17?
IL-17
IL-22
What are the defining cytokines of TFH?
IL-21
IFN-gamma or IL-4
What is the principle target of TH1?
Macrophages
What is the principle target of TH2?
Eosinophils
What is the principle target of TH17?
Neutrophils
What is the principle target of TFH?
B cells
What has CD4 protein on its surface and what does this do?
Helper T cells which binds to MHCII
Which of the different classes of helper T cells are intra and extracellular?
TH1 is intracellular, the rest are extracellular
What kind of antigens are presented on MHCI receptor compared to MHCII?
MHCI is from inside the cell, binds to cytotoxic which destoys the cell
MHCII is from outside the cell and binds to helper cells
What is the process of helper T cell activation?
1) MHCII antigen presnting binds to TCR on helper T cell
2) Helper T cell divides forming effector and memory cells
3) Releases cytokines which bind to other activated cells and help them fight the pathogen
4) Helper T cell binds to MHCII on B cell which is presenting the antigen
5) B cell divides and produces antibodies
What does CD8 do?
Found on cytotoxic T cells and binds to MHCI receptor on infected cells which are then killed
What is the process of cytotoxic T cell activation?
1) TCR on T cell binds to MHCI of an infected cell
2) T cell divides and produces effector T cells and memory cells
3) Cytotoxic T cell binds to an infected cell, releasing perforin which forms pores in the target cell
4) Releases granzyme that enters the target cell and induces apoptosis
