Carbohydrates 5 Flashcards
Where does the citric acid cycle occur?
Matrix of the mitochondria
Why is the citric acid cycle very efficient?
Does not need many intermediate compounds
What does the citric acid cycle act as a gateway for?
Any compound that can be converted into acetyl coenzume A or a component of the cycle to enter aerobic respiration
How does the citric acid cycle produce ATP?
Not directly, but through the use of electron carriers that then go to the electron transport chain and produce ATP
What does the citric acid cycle do?
Removes electrons from intermediates and passes them onto NADH and FADH2
Is O2 used in the citric acid cycle?
No
What does the use of O2 allow for glucose?
It to be completely broken down into CO2 and all of its energy to be stored
What substances can be broken down into acetyl coenzyme A and enter the citric acid cycle?
Glucose
Fatty acids
Amino acids
What does the overall metabolism process look like (glycolysis, citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain)?
Why are substances like glucose broken down in lots of little steps and not all at once?
It allows packets of energy to be stored, breaking down the compound at once would release to much enery to be capture so most of it would be lost as heat
What does acetyl coenzyme A allow?
Many intermediates to enter the citric acid cycle
What enzyme coverts pyruvate into acetly coenzyme A?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
How many sub units is pyruvate dehydrogenase complex composed of?
Ten copies of each sub unit (E1 + E2 + E3)
What does each subunit of pyruvate dehdrogenase complex do?
Catalyses a different part of the reaction
What happens to the concentration of the intermediates within the citric acid cycle?
They remain constant as each turn 2 carbons enter (acetyl coenzyme A) and 2 carbons leave (as 2 CO2)
