Term Test 3: Layer Nutrition Flashcards
_% of cost of poultry products is _
70, feed
Poultry industry is a consequence of _ _ started by development of high-yielding grains such as Norman Borlaug
Green Revolution
George Washington Carver: Rotate _ crops with _, increased soil fertility and crop productivity
cotton, soybeans
Basic Layer Formula: _% corn & SBM and _% limestone
80, 10
Ingredient values in formulations
Ingredient cost
Other available ingredients and costs
Nutrient Specifications
Nutrient Requirements
Other functional components of ingredients (ex. DDGS)
DDGS is a _ produced by making ethanol and are a source of _ _
byproduct, yeast pre-biotics
_ _ also uses yeast
Citric Acid
Hens drink water at a rate of _x the amount _ consumed daily which is equivalent to -% of hens BW (180 to 220ml)
2, feed, 10, 12
_ml of water is required for production of egg
70
- hours without water affects production for - days
6, 8, 7, 10
No water in _h can induce a _
24, Molt
Water usage throughout the day is _ _
not constant
Biggest drink of the day happens after
Laying
Majority of water intake occurs between _pm and _pm before _ _
4-7, lights out
In a hotter barn birds drink _
More
Number of saleable eggs per hen has increased by _ over the past 20 years, laying persistency peaks at 97% and can maintain production above 95% for nearly _ weeks
40, 30
Peak egg mass is sustained from _ to _ weeks of age
35, 70
Protein and energy need for egg production remain stable, _ _ is used primarily to control _ _ and improve _ _
phase feeding, egg size, shell quality
High production flocks have greater _ _ and _ _
egg production, egg mass
Energy (kcal ME/bird/d) =
BW x [170-(2.2xC)] + (2 x Egg Mass) + (5 X ADG)
Grades of Eggs
Undergrade, M, L, XL
Pullet Objectives
Uniformity
BW Targets
Age at first egg
BW at first egg
Sufficient Ca to build reserves
How to achieve good early egg size
Raise heavier pullets
Use high density feeds
Promote early feed intake
Optimal Egg size is _-_g and is the most economical, balancing feed input costs and maximizing return
60-62
Why do you want to minimize extra-large and jumbo eggs?
Prevent shell cracks and under-grades
Does egg size become easier or harder to control late in the production cycle, what does it require
harder, planning throughout hens laying period
Improve egg shell quality by
Calcium
Phosphorus
Vitamin D3
Organic materials
Hy-D and phytase
Gut-health additives
Egg shell is _%
40
Calcium Intake _-_g /d
4-4.5
