Term Test 3 Flashcards
8 Goals of Broiler Nutrition
Consistent
Safe
High Quality
Well Balanced, Highly Fortified
Focused on Gut Health
Competitive
Adaptable
Economical
Evolution of Broilers: Size
Genetic programs have evolved to be a big bird
Nutrition and How Things Change
Nutrition is always _
New markets _
Commodity / influence formulas
Nutritionists must provide best _
Evolving
Introduced
Prices/Availability
Solution
4 Advancements in Broiler Nutrition
Exogenous Enzymes
Organic Selenium
Complex Trace Elements
Gut Health Additives
Additives - Specific Modes of Action
_ digestion
_ pathogens
support _
manage _
support _ _
_ feed intake
Increase
Decrease
Microbiome
Moisture
Barn Environment
Increase
Factors to consider Formulating Broiler Diet
Ingredients available
Ingredients cost
Nutritional requirements
Nutrient specifications
Market considerations
As broilers age
Feed intake _
//_ decrease
Increases
AA/CP/Minerals
Enzymes Influence:
_ inclusion
_ digestibility
_ excreta
_ excretion
_
Small
Enhance
Consistent
Phosphorus
Profitability
Supplemental Enzymes
Compliment _ system
Convert _ nutrients to useable
Release _ nutrients
Prevent _ disruptions
Influence gut _
Digestive system
Unusable
Trapped
Digestive
Microbiome
NSP enzymes (_ _ _)
Non-Starch Polysaccharide
NSPs are a blend of enzymes that _ trapped nutrients, they _ levels of enzymes, target _ starch, _ gut viscosity, _ gut health, _ cost
Liberate
Enhance
Indigestible Starch
Decrease
Support
Decrease
Phytase liberates -, trace minerals (,), _, _, and is good for the _
Phytate Phosphorus, Zn, Cu, Protein, Energy, environment
Proteases increase digestion of _
AA’s
_ is a protease that targets mannan ANF in SBM that is indigestible
Mannanase
Water Contaminants
High _ content
_ & _ _ contamination
Mineral
E. coli, Fecal Coliforms
New CFIA regulations come into place
June 2025
4 Phases of Phase Feeding
Starter, Grower, Finisher, Roasting
Phase Feeding
Meets target _, _, _, _ size
_ effective
Nutrients, Additives, Medications, Particle
Cost
Factors Restricting Feed Intake
Temperature
Density
Water Quality
Health Status
Lighting Program
Height of Waterer/Feeder
Particle Size
Particle Size Importance
0-10d - _
11-24d - _ _
25-Processing - _ _
Crumble
Small Pellets
Large Pellets
High density feed = _ FCR (Better) = more _
Lower, Economical
Source of Nutrients for Chicks for 4 days
Yolk
Yolk sac moves into _ of chick before hatch
Abdomen
Yolk made up of
Plant Based CHOs, Protein, Fat, Vit. & Minerals
First bite
SI lengthens ___x
_ & _ development
increase in _ production
600
Villi, Crypt
enzyme
Absence or delay in feed of chick
Check _ fill
Delays development
Crop
Hatchtech System gives immediate access to _ & _ after hatch
feed and water
@ hatch microflora is _
Thriving in _h
Well established @_d
Undeveloped
24
14
Factors Influencing Gut Bacteria
Nutrition
Bird Factors
Environment
Barn Management
Characteristics of Well Conditioned Gut
Efficient digestion & absorption
Diverse and thriving microbiome in ceca
Poor Gut
Bad bugs thrive
Increase in mucus
Villi damage
Decreased absorbtion
Unabsorbed feed, feed bad bugs
Dysbiosis
Imbalance in gut microbiota
Indicators of Good Gut Health
Pink Gut Surface, Gut Wall Folds over
Poor gut health indicators
Inflamed Tissue
Haemorrhaging
Pore gut tone
Lots of mucus
Healthy Villi
Long, Skinny, Pink
Healthy Crypt
Shallow
Factors Impacting Gut Health
Brooding
Medications
Sudden Feed Changes
Biosecurity
Stress
Temperature
Ventilation
Gut Friendly Diet
Highly Digestible Ingredients
Consistent Composition
Monitored for ANFs
All-vegetable, plant-based ingredients
Types of Additives
Enzymes
Antibiotics
Probiotics
Prebiotics
Organic Acids
Phytogenic Feed Additives
Limitations of Using Alternative Feed Additives
CFIA Regulations
Consequences of Variable Nutrient Digestibility
Economic
Enteric
Types of Medications
Preventative ()
Therapeutic ()
Prophylaxsis
Metaphylaxsis
Coccidiosis is caused by _
Protozoan parasite
Coccidiosis: Protozoan parasite invade _ _ within digestive tract
Multiple Points
Coccidiosis: Symptoms
Dehydration
Depression
Ruffled Feathers
Off-feed
Bloody Droppings
How to preventing Coccidiosis With Medications
Ionophores & Chemicals
Types of Ionophores used to prevent coccidiosis
Monensin, Monteban, Maxiban, Avatec, Salinomycin
Types of Chemicals used to prevent Coccidiosis
Decox, Clinacox, Amprol
Necrotic Enteritis is cause by gram (_) _
+, Clostridium perfringens
Necrotic Enteritis: Symptoms
Loose droppings, necrotic lesions, reduced growth rate, poor feed efficiency, high mortality
Necrotic Enteritis: Prevention
Bacitracin, Avilamycin, Vaccination
3 Gut Management Programs
- Conventional (CON)
- No MIA (RWMIA)
- No antibiotics ever (RWA)
_ in vet involvement in canada
Increase
Reduction of antibiotic use in Canada and Ontario implemented in
2019
Nutritionists Role
Meet nutrient requirements while promoting
Efficiency
Profitability
Sustainability
Welfare
Producer Prevention Strategies
Efficiency
Profitability
Sustainability
Welfare
Ascites (Waterbelly)
Accumulation of fluid in abdominal
Caused by poor oxygenation of blood (high metabolic demands of fast growing birds)
Not receiving sufficient O2
Puts pressure on heart and lungs
Swelling in lower abdomen (Water belly)
Sudden Death Syndrome
Cause fully not understood
Fast-growing birds more prone
Rickets (Leg Abnormalities)
Deficient in D3
Unbalanced Ca:P Ratio
Weak bones
Dehydration and Starveouts
Unable to get to feed/water
Occurs more often during brooding
Turtlebacks
High, abnormally rounded back
When birds grow too quickly skeletal system can’t keep up with muscle growth
Woody-Breast Syndrome
High Growth Rate
Inadequate blood flow
White Striation in Meat
Pale, Hard, Rubbery Meat
