#3 Carbohydrates

Question 1

Ideal for Poultry Farmer

Answer 1

Maximize net income in sustainable manner

Question 2

Nutrient is used for _ of _ _ and _ and _

Answer 2

maintenance, body tissues, processes, production

Question 3

Poultry Require source of _, _, _, _, _, _

Answer 3

energy, nitrogen, fat, mineral, vitamin, water

Question 4

Approximate cost of nutrients in diet _% Energy, _% Protein, _% Phosphorus, _% Rest

Answer 4

60, 25, 8, 7

Question 5

Is energy a nutrient?

Answer 5

No

Question 6

Components that supply energy into poultry feed

Answer 6

Carbohydrates > Fats > AA

Question 7

In addition to maintenance of normal body processes, and production related activities what is energy used for?

Answer 7

Maintain body temp during cold or heat stress, retention in body products

Question 8

Carbohydrates are composed of _ and _

Answer 8

Water, Carbon

Question 9

Carbohydrates provide _kCal/gram

Answer 9

4

Question 10

Is there any one essential carbohydrate that is essential?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

The main carbohydrate in poultry diets

Answer 11

Starch

Question 12

Feed ingredients high in starch ,,_,

Answer 12

Barley, Wheat, Corn

Question 13

2 Types of Starch

Answer 13

Amylose, Amylopectin

Question 14

Amylose is relatively _, and is _ to breakdown than , uses __- bonds

Answer 14

linear, harder, amylopectin, a1-4

Question 15

Amylopectin is _, and is _ to breakdown than _, uses - and - bonds

Answer 15

branched, easier, amylose, a1-6

Question 16

Amylose and Amylopectin both use _ bonds

Answer 16

glycosidic

Question 17

Amylose is relatively _ and forms a tight _, bonds are harder to break with _

Answer 17

insoluble, helix, amylase

Question 18

Amylopectin is highly _, and has both types of _ bonds which makes it easier to be broken down by amylase

Answer 18

branched, glycosidic

Question 19

High Amylose Cereals, _ in starch, _ digesting, _ source of energy

Answer 19

lower, slower, sustained

Question 20

High Amylopectin Cereals, _ in starch, _ digesting, _ of energy

Answer 20

higher, faster, burst

Question 21

Examples of High Amylose grains

Answer 21

Oats, Barley

Question 22

Examples of High Amylopectin Grains

Answer 22

Corn, Wheat

Question 23

Intermediate Cereals, intermediate levels of amylopectin and amylose, more balanced _ source

Answer 23

Energy

Question 24

Examples of intermediate cereals

Answer 24

Rice, Sorghum

Question 25

High Amylopectin Cereals cause _ _, they lead to high blood _, suitable for quick energy requirements in _

Answer 25

Glycemic Response, Sugar, Broilers

Question 26

High Amylose cereals more suitable to animals requiring day long _ energy like _

Answer 26

sustained, cows

Question 27

_ is more resistant to enzymatic breakdown by _ because of _

Answer 27

Amylose, Helix

Question 28

Factors affecting Starch Digestibility

Answer 28

• Physical Entrapment
• Crystallized
• Retrograded

Question 29

Starch can be physically entrapped by _ _

Answer 29

Cell Walls

Question 30

High _ _ starch can crystallize and become _ digestibile

Answer 30

amylose corn, less

Question 31

Gelatinization consists of breaking down crystallized structure by _ and adding _ to make starch more accessible to amylase

Answer 31

heating, moisture

Question 32

Retrogradtion refers to the _ after _, _ structure realigns

Answer 32

cooling, gelatinization, crystallized

Question 33

Cellulose uses _-glycosidic linkages that are _ to be _- _ by -

Answer 33

b, unable, broken-down, alpha-amylase

Question 34

Amylose is broken into _ or _ by pancreatic _, than into _ by _ from the intestinal mucosa

Answer 34

Maltose, Maltriose, Amylase, Glucose, Maltase

Question 35

Amylopectin is broken down into _ or _, than into _ by _ and _

Answer 35

isomaltose, dextrin, glucose, isomaltase, sucrase

Question 36

Enterocytes are the absorptive cells in the intestinal lining, water mixed with mucin forms the _ _ _ (_), the UWL allows products of amylase digestion to diffuse into enterocyte

Answer 36

UWL

Question 37

Glucose is absorbed by _

Answer 37

Transporters

Question 38

Soluble fibre (ex. _) has anti-nutritional effect, _-like matrix forms when soluble fibre is mixed with water, gut _ increase and slows down _

Answer 38

flax, gel, viscosity, absorption

Question 39

Indigestible Carbohydrates aka (Non-starch polysaccharides or _)

Answer 39

Fiber

Question 40

Negative Effects of Fibre

Answer 40

Encapsulate starch making it in accessible to amylase
Binds digestive enzymes
Increase excretion of protein, fat
Increase gut mass
Reduces feed efficiency

Question 41

Somewhat positive effect of Fibre

Answer 41

Some fermentation for energy purposes in ceca