Layer Nutrition

Question 1

_ _ created poultry industry, caused by development of _ _ grains

Answer 1

Green Revolution, High Yielding

Question 1

Feed cost is _% of production expense

Answer 1

70

Question 2

Rotating cotton and soybean increased _ _ and _

Answer 2

soil fertility, yield

Question 3

Basic Layer Formula
_% Corn & SB
_% Limestone

Answer 3

80, 10

Question 4

Nutrient Specifications of Layer
____ ME kcal/kg
__% CP
__% Fat
__% Fiber
___ Ca:PavP

Answer 4

2900
17
3.5
2.8
9.76

Question 5

5 Factors of Ingredient Variation in Formulation

Answer 5

Cost
Availability
Nutrient Specifications
Nutrient Requirements
Functional Components

Question 6

DDGS are a byproduct of ethanol production and can improve gut health through yeast (pre-biotic or probiotic)

Answer 6

pre-biotic

Question 7

Citric Acid production also uses

Answer 7

Yeast

Question 8

Water Requirement: Need _x the amount of water than feed. _-_ml. -% BW.

Answer 8

2, 180, 220, 10-12

Question 9

Short term deprivation (6-8h) leads to

Answer 9

Reduction in performance

Question 10

Long term deprivation (24h) induces

Answer 10

Molt

Question 11

Biggest drink of the day takes place after _ around _am (__%)

Answer 11

Laying, 10, 22

Question 12

Majority of water intake occurs before _ _, around _-_pm (__%)

Answer 12

lights out, 4-7, 57

Question 13

If a barn is hot, birds require more _

Answer 13

Water

Question 14

In high production flocks, __ more saleable eggs are produced per hen, birds maintain __% production persistency for 30 weeks

Answer 14

40, 95

Question 15

When does peak egg mass occur

Answer 15

35-70 wks

Question 16

Phase feeding aims to control 2 Factors, without changing _ and _ intake

Answer 16

Egg size
Shell quality
Protein
Energy

Question 17

Trends in Layer
Egg production has _ overtime
Feed intake has _ overtime
_ Size Eggs have decreased overtime
Age when birds lay 20%> M sized eggs has _
_ birds produce more _ and _ eggs

Answer 17

increased, increased, decreased, decreased, older, L, XL

Question 18

Energy Intake Equation uses 4 variable

Answer 18

BW, Temperature, Egg Mass, ADG

Question 19

5 Pullet Objectives

Answer 19

Uniformity
BW Targets
Age @ first egg
BW @ first egg
Ca to build reserves

Question 20

3 strategies to achieve optimal egg size

Answer 20

Use of heavier pullets
High density feed
Promote early feed intake

Question 21

Ideal Egg Size in g

Answer 21

60-62

Question 22

Why do producers want fewer XL and jumbo eggs?

Answer 22

Less undergrades and cracking

Question 23

Egg size is difficult to control late in production what should be planned accordingly

Answer 23

Nutrition & Management

Question 24

Nutrients & Supplements Supporting Shell Quality

Answer 24

Calcium Phosphorus D3 Organic Acids Hy-D, Phytase Gut health additives

Question 25

Daily Calcium Requirement (g)

Answer 25

4-4.5

Question 26

As layers age they require more _ because absorption and efficiency are starting to decline

Answer 26

Calcium

Question 27

If a producer is not changing feeds then it makes sense to add more _ _ _ as hens age

Answer 27

Large particle Calcium

Question 28

When is calcium most important

Answer 28

Late Afternoon & Overnight

Question 29

Why is calcium most important in late afternoon and overnight?

Answer 29

When most of shell formation occurs

Question 29

Methods to increase Calcium Intake

Answer 29

Stacked feedings before lights out Large particle calcium source Midnight feeding

Question 30

What are the benefits of a large particle calcium source vs. small particle?

Answer 30

Larger particle has a better sustained calcium release because it dissolves slower in GT

Question 31

2 Reasons why Phosphorus and Ca:P is important

Answer 31

Skeletal Health Egg shell quality

Question 32

High Phosphorus results in _ depletion and _ _

Answer 32

Calcium, Shell Cracking

Question 33

DiCal P is not recommended for layers because it is very _ in P

Answer 33

High

Question 34

Low Phosphorus results in _ depletion and decrease in _ _

Answer 34

Calcium Skeletal Integrity

Question 35

During Shell Formation _ is mobilized from _ bone _ released and excreted and needs to be _

Answer 35

Calcium, Medullary Phosphorus, Replenished

Question 36

6 Locations of Calcium Pools

Answer 36

Structural Bone Medullary Bone Blood Shell Feces Urine

Question 37

In growing birds, _ breakdown bone, _ build new _ bone

Answer 37

osteoclasts, osteoblasts, structural

Question 38

3 Reasons Structural Bone is Important

Answer 38

Growth Strength Organization

Question 39

What causes the onset of egg production and stimulation of ovarian follicles

Answer 39

Estradiol Surge

Question 40

Ovarian follicles later become

Answer 40

Egg yolks

Question 41

Estrogen surge causes formation of _ _

Answer 41

Medullary Bone

Question 42

Medullary Bone acts as _ _, and coats _ _, it is rebuilt every night in response _ _ _ recruitment

Answer 42

Calcium Reserve, Structural Bone, Estrogen Signalling Follicle

Question 43

During bone remodelling _ breakdown _ bone at _ to mobilize _ to use for _ formation

Answer 43

Osteoclasts, Medullary, Night, Calcium, Shell

Question 44

High estrogen inhibits _ bone growth, if _ bone is degraded by osteoclasts _ bone will replace it

Answer 44

structural, structural, spongy

Question 45

Spongy bone weakens bone and is associated with which disease

Answer 45

Osteoporosis

Question 46

Genetic selection keeps estrogen high to support _ and maintains _ bone as a source of Ca

Answer 46

Production, Medullary

Question 47

Lohmann LSL breed experiences estrogen at _-_ weeks when birds would typically _, prolonged exposure to estrogen leads to development of _ bone (osteoporosis & fractures can lead to _) often misdiagnosed as _ _

Answer 47

40, 50, molt, spongy, paralysis, cage fatigue