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Anatomy Block 3 > temporal and infratemporal fossa > Flashcards

temporal and infratemporal fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Four boundaries of temporal fossa

A

Posterior and superior: temporal lines
Anterior: frontal and zygomatic bones
Lateral: ztgomatic arch
Inferior: infratemporal crest of the sphenoid

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2
Q

Contents of the temporal fossa

A
  • temporalis muscle and fascia
  • deep temporal vessels and nerves
  • superficial temporal vessels
  • auriculotemporal nerve
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3
Q

tempromandibular joint is a ______ joint

A
  • synovial joint (modified hinge)
  • freely movable
  • has fluid for mobility
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4
Q

name the articular surfaces of the tempromandibular joint

A
  • mandibular condyle

- mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bone

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5
Q

what is an articular disk composed of?*

A

-fibrocartilage

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6
Q

what are the two compartments of the temporomandibular joint?

A

-superior and inferior compartments

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7
Q

superior compartment is responsible for…

A

-responsible for gliding movements of protrusion and retrusion

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8
Q

inferior compartment is responsible for…

A

-hinge movements of depression and elevation

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9
Q

articular disc attaches to what? two things*

A

peripherally attached to JOINT CAPSULE

-anteromedially attached to TENDON OF THE LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE

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10
Q

what does the joint capsule attach to?

A
  • superiorly to the articular tubercle and the margins of the mandibular fossa
  • inferiorly to the neck of the mandible
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11
Q

synovial membrane

A
  • lines the joint capsule above and below the articular disk, BUT DOES NOT COVER THE ARTICULAR DISC
  • produces fluid that allows from mobility
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12
Q

name the three temporomandibular joint ligaments

A
  1. temporomandibular ligament
  2. stylomandibular ligament
  3. sphenomandibular ligament
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13
Q

sphenomandibular ligament and the dentist

A
  • it attaches to the lingua and anesthetic from dentist goes to nerve behind there
  • goes to inferior alveolar nerve
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14
Q

name the four muscles for mastication

A
  • temporalis
  • masseter
  • medial pterygoid
  • lateral pterygoid
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15
Q

What are the muscles for mastication innervated by?

A

-branches of V3, mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

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16
Q

origin and insertion** of temporalis

A

origin: inferior temporal line, temporal fossa, temporalis fascia
Insertion: coronoid process and anterior surface of the ramus of the mandible

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17
Q

innervation of temporalis*

A

-anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves

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18
Q

Actions of temporalis*

A
  • elevation of mandible
  • retrusion of mandible
  • right and left lateral movements(grinding and chewing)
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19
Q

Origin and insertion of masseter

A

Origin: maxillary process of the zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch
insertion: angle and lateral surface of the mandible

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20
Q

innervation of the masseter

A

-masseteric nerve

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21
Q

actions of the masseter

A
  • elevation of the mandible
  • right and left lateral movements
  • PROTRUSION of the mandible
  • retrusion of the mandible
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22
Q

Origin of superior head and inferior head of the lateral pterygoig muscle

A

Superior head: infratemporal surface of the greater wing of sphenoid
Inferior head: lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

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23
Q

Insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle****

A
  • most fibers insert on pterygoid fovea on the anterior surface of the neck of the mandible
  • SOME FIBERS ON THE SUPERIOR HEAD INSERT ON THE JOINT CAPSULE AND ARTICULAR DISC OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
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24
Q

Innervation of lateral pterygoid muscle

A

lateral pterygoid nerves

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25
Q

Actions of lateral pterygoid muscle

A
  • protrusion of mandible
  • DEPRESS MANDIBLE
  • right and left lateral movements
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26
Q

Origin of deep and superficial heads of medial pterygoid muscle

A

deep head: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

superior head: luberosity of maxilla

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27
Q

Inersertion of medial pterygoid muscle

A

-medial surface and angle of mandible

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28
Q

Innervation of medial pterygoid muscle

A

-medial pterygoid nerve

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29
Q

actions of medial pterygoid muscle

A
  • elevation of mandible
  • protrusion of mandible
  • right and left lateral movements
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30
Q

What causes jaw dislocation?

A
  • excessive contraction of the lateral pterygoids

- causes the head of mandible to dislocate anteriorly to the articular tubercles

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31
Q

Why is a posterior jaw dislocation less common?

A
  • due to the presence of the postglenoid tubercle and the strong lateral ligament.
  • more likely to fracture mandible than posterior dislocation
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32
Q

how does the infratermporal fossa communicate with the temporal fossa?

A

-through the space between the zygomatic arch and cranial wall

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33
Q

how does the infratemporal fossa communicate with the orbit?

A

-through the inferior orbital fissure

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34
Q

how does the infratemporal fossa communicate with the middle cranial fossa?

A

-through foramen ovale and foramen spinosum

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35
Q

how does the infratemporal fossa communicate with the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

through the ptergomaxillary fissure

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36
Q

contents of the infratemporal fossa

A
  • lateral and medial pterygoid muscles
  • V3
  • otic ganglion
  • chorda tympani
  • maxillary artery and branches
  • maxillary vein and branches
  • pterygoid venous plexus
37
Q

is V3 sensory or motor?

A
  • both
  • large sensory component
  • smaller motor component
38
Q

V3 exits the middle cranial fossa via what foramen?

A

-foramen ovale

39
Q

where does V3 divide into anterior and posterior branches?

A

-in the infratemporal fossa

40
Q

branches off the main trunk of V3

A
  • nerve to medial pterygoid

- meningeal branch

41
Q

what does the nerve to medial pterygoid supply?

A
  • medial pterygoid
  • tensor tympani
  • tensor veli palatine
42
Q

what foramen does the meningeal branch of V3 go through to get to the middle cranial fossa?

A

-foramen spinosum

43
Q

what does the meningeal branch of V3 innervate?

A

-dura mater of middle cranial fossa

44
Q

branches from the anterior division of V3

A
  • nerve to masseter
  • nerve to lateral pterygoid
  • deep temporal nerves
  • buccal nerve
45
Q

nerve to masseter

A
  • innervates masseter

- gives few sensory fibers to temporomandibular joint

46
Q

nerve to lateral pterygoid innervates…

A

the pterygoid

47
Q

how many deep temporal nerves are there?

A
  • usually 2(anterior and posterior)

- can be a third (middle)

48
Q

buccal nerve off v3****

A
  • SENSORY

- INNERVATES SKIN AND MUCOSA OF THE CHEEK

49
Q

branches of posterior division of V3

A
  • auriculotemporal nerve
  • inferior alveolar nerve
  • nerve to mylohyoid
  • lingual nerve
50
Q

auriculotemporal nerve innervates…

A
  • SENSORY
  • auricle
  • external auditory meatus
  • tympanic membrane
  • tempromandibular joint
  • scalp
51
Q

what artery does the auriculotemporal nerve encircle?****

A

-middle meningeal artery

52
Q

what foramen does the inferior alveolar nerve go through?

A

-mandibular foramen

53
Q

what kind of fibers does the inferior alveolar nerve have?

A

-motor and sensory

54
Q

what forament does the inferior alveolar nerve exit the mandible?

A

-mental foramen

55
Q

what does the inferior alveolar nerve change its name to when it exits the mandible?

A

-mental nerve

56
Q

what does the inferior alveolar nerve innervate?

A

-mandibular teeth

57
Q

mental nerve innervates…

A

-sensory innervation to the skin and mucosa of lower lip and chin

58
Q

what branch does the inferior alveolar nerve give off before entering the mandibular foramen>

A

nerve to the mylohyoid

59
Q

nerve to the mylohyoid

A
  • MOTOR BRANCH of inferior alveolar nerve

- innervates mylohyoid and anterior bellly of digastric

60
Q

lingual nerve innervation

A

-SENSORY innervation to anterior 2/3 of tongue and mucosa of the floor of the mouth

61
Q

what joins the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa?**

A

-chorda tympani

62
Q

otic ganglion

A
  • parasympathetic ganglion

- located inferior to the foramen ovale and medial to V3

63
Q

what forms the tympanic plexus

A
  • tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve

- supplies mucosa of tympanic cavity

64
Q

what supplies the PREGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC fibers to the optic ganglion?

A
  • they leave tympanic plexus as the lesser petrosal nerve

- synapse in otic ganglion

65
Q

where do POSTGANGLIONIC PARAYMPATHETIC fibers go when they leave otic ganglion? and what do they innervate?

A

-they join the auriculotemporal nerve to innervate parotid gland

66
Q

what nerve does the chorda tympani originate from and where?

A
  • originate from facial nerve in facial canal

- above stylomastoid foramen

67
Q

where does the chorda tympani enter the tympanic cavity?

A

-across the medial side of the tympanic membrane(ear drum)

68
Q

where does the chorda tympani exit the temporal bone?

A
  • petrotympanic fissure

- opens into the infratemporal fossa

69
Q

does the chorda tympani have motor or sensory fibers?*****

A

-sensory fibers for anterior 2/3 of the tongue

70
Q

what supplies the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers that synapse in submandibular ganglion?****

A

-chorda tympani

71
Q

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from submandibular ganglion supply what?*****

A

-submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

72
Q

what muscle divides the maxillary artery into its 3 parts?

A

lateral pterygoid muscle

73
Q

name the 3 parts of the maxillary artery

A
  • mandibular
  • pterygoid
  • pterygopalatine
74
Q

where does the mandibular part of the maxillary artery lie?

A

-between neck of the mandible and the sphenomandibular ligament

75
Q

the mandibular part of the maxillary artery is accompanied by what?*****

A

-auricultemporal nerve and maxillary vein

76
Q

deep auricular artery

A
  • branch of mandibular part

- supplies external auditory meatus and outer surface of tympanic membrane

77
Q

anterior tympanic artery

A
  • branch of mandibular part
  • passes through petrotympanic fissure WITH CHORDA TYMPANI
  • supplies mucosa of the tympanic cavity
78
Q

middle meningeal artery

A
  • branch of mandibular part
  • passes between roots of AURICULOTEMPORAL nerve
  • passes through foramen spinosum to enter middle cranial fossa
  • supplies dura mater of the skull
79
Q

Accessory meningeal artery

A
  • branch of mandibular part
  • passes through foramen ovale
  • supplies trigeminal ganglion and dura mater
80
Q

pterygoid part of the maxillary artery location

A

-passes anteriorly and superiorly in the infratemporal fossa

81
Q

branches of pterygoid part

A
  • branches all accompany branches of V3
  • massenteric artery
  • anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries
  • pterygoid arteries
  • buccal artery
82
Q

massenteric artery supplies…

A

-masseter

83
Q

anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries supply…

A

temporalis muscle

84
Q

pterygoid artery supplies…

A

medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

85
Q

buccal artery supplies

A

buccinator

  • skin of cheeck
  • mucosa of oral cavity
86
Q

pterygoid venous plexus

A

-complete network of veins located partly between the temporalis and the pterygoid muscles

87
Q

what drains into the pterygoid venous plexus?

A

most of the veins that accompany branches of the maxillary artery

88
Q

how does the pterygoid venous plexus communicate with the cavernous sinus?*****

A

by small veins passing through the foramen ovale, foramen lacerum, and sometimes a sphenoidal emissary foramen

89
Q

what does the pterygoid venous plexus communicate with?**

A
  • cavernous sinus
  • inferior ophthalmic vein
  • facial vein(via deep facial vein)

Anatomy Block 3 (13 decks)

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