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Anatomy Block 3 > anterior triangle > Flashcards

anterior triangle Flashcards

1
Q

boundaries

A

Anteriorly: midline of neck
Posteriorly: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
Superiorly: inferior border of body of mandible

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2
Q

muscle groups

A
  • infrahyoid muscles
  • suprahyoid muscles
  • anterior vertebral muscles
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3
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A
  • below the hyoid bone
  • thin, strap like muscles
  • sternohyoid
  • sternothyroid
  • thyrohyoid
  • omohyoid(superior belly)
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4
Q

Sternohyoid

A

-located superficially, medial to superior belly of omohyoid
Origin: posterior surfaces of manubrium of sternum and sternal end of clavical
Insertion: body of hyoid
Nerve supply: ansa cervicalis(C1-C3)
Action: depress hyoid bone

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5
Q

Sternothyroid

A

-located deep to sternohyoid
Origin: posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
Insertion: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
Nerve Supply: ansa cervicalis(C1-C3)
Action:depress larynx

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6
Q

thyrohyoid

A

-upward continuation of sternothyroid
Origin: oblique line of thyroid cartilage
Insertion: runs superiorly over thyrohyoid membrane, inserts into greater horn and body of hyoid
Nerve Supply: C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve
Action: depress hyoid bone or elevate larynx

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7
Q

ansa cervicalis

A

-nerve loop that contains fibers from ventral rami of C1 to C3 spinal nerves

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8
Q

lower root of ansa cervicalis

A
  • direct branch of cervical plexus
  • contains fibers from ventral rami of C2 and C3
  • passes superficial(or deep) to internal jugular vein
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9
Q

Upper root of ansa cervicalis

A
  • appears to originate from hypoglossal nerve, but contains no hypoglossal fibers
  • consists of C1 fibers that join hypoglossal nerve and travel with it
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10
Q

what does the ansa cervicalis supply?

A

-branches supply sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and both bellies of the omohyoid

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11
Q

do all C1 fibers branch off hypoglossal to form ansa cervicalis?

A
  • nope

- some continue with it and supply thyrohyoid and geniohyoid muscles

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12
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A
  • above the hyoid bone
  • digastric
  • stylohyoid
  • mylohyoid
  • geniohyoid
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13
Q

Digastic

A

-consists of posterior and anterior bellies connected by an intermediate tendon

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14
Q

Digastric posterior belly

A
  • attaches to digastric notch

- runs anteriorly and inferiorly

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15
Q

digastric intermediate tendon

A

-pierces stylohyoid and runs in fibrous sling connected to body and greater horn of hyoid

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16
Q

Digastric inferior belly

A
  • runs anteriorly and superiorly

- attaches to digastric fossa of mandible

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17
Q

nerve supply of digastric

A

Posterior belly: facial nerve

Anterior: nerve to myohyoid

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18
Q

Action of digastric

A

-depress mandible and elevate hyoid bone

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19
Q

stylohypid

A

Origin: styloid process
Insertion: passes anterior and inferior, inserts into hyoid bone at junction of body and greater horn
Nerve Supply: facial nerve
Action: elevates hyoid bone and draws it backwards

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20
Q

stylohyoid piercing???

A

-pierced near its insertion by intermediate tendon of digastric

21
Q

mylohyoid

A
  • lies superior to anterior belly of digastric

- two mylohyoid muscles form muscular floor of oral cavity

22
Q

mylohyoid origin and insertion

A

Origin: mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion: attach to body of hyoid bone OR in midline raphe extending from mandible to hyoid

23
Q

Mylohyoid nerve supply

A

nerve to mylohyoid

24
Q

Mylohyoid action

A

elevates floor of mouth during swallowing

  • elevates hyoid bone
  • depresses mandible
25
Q

geniohyoid

A

-narrow muscle that lies above mylohyoid
Origin: mental spine
Insertion: anterior surface of body of hyoid
Nerve supply: C1 fibers via hypoglossal nerve
Action: elevates hyoid bone and draws it forward, depresses mandible

26
Q

anterior vertebral muscles

A
  • longus capitis
  • longus coli
  • rectus capitis anterior
  • rectus capitis lateralis
27
Q

Longus capitis

A

Origin: transvers process of C3-C6 vertebrae
Insertion: inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone
Nerve supply: ventral rami of C1-C3
Action: flexion of head and neck

28
Q

what are the subunits of longus colli?

A

inferior oblique
superior oblique
vertical part

29
Q

inferior oblique part

A

-extends from bodies of thoracic vertebrae to transverse processes of C5 and C6

30
Q

Superior oblique part

A

-extends from transverse process of C3 to C5 to anterior tubercle of atlas

31
Q

Vertical part

A

-extends from bodies of upper 3 thoracic and lower 3 cervical vertebrae to bodies of C2-C4 vertebrae

32
Q

Nerve supply of longus colli

A

-branches from ventral rami of C2 to C6 spinal nerves

33
Q

Action of longus colli

A

flexion of neck

34
Q

Rectus capitis anterior

A

-located posterior to upper part of longus capitis
Origin: anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and root of its transverse process
Insertion: inferior surface of basilar part of occipital bone

35
Q

rectus capitis anterior nerve supply

A

branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves

36
Q

Action of rectus capitis anterior

A

flexion of the head

37
Q

Rectus capitis lateralis

A

Origin: upper surface of transverse process of atlas
Insertion: inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone

38
Q

Rectus capitis lateralis nerve supply

A

branches from loop between ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves

39
Q

Action of rectus capitis lateralis

A

lateral flexion of head to same said of contracting muscle

40
Q

subdivisions of the anterior triangle

A
  • submandibular triangle
  • carotid triangle
  • muscular triangle
  • submental triangle
41
Q

submandibular triangle borders

A

Anteriorly: anterior belly of digastric
Posteriorly: posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid
Superiorly: inferior border of body og mandible
Floor: mylohyoid and hypoglossus muscles

42
Q

Contents of submandibular triangle

A
  • submandibular gland
  • facial vessels
  • submandibular lymph nodes
  • hypoglossal nerve
  • mylohyoid nerve and vessels
43
Q

Carotid triangle borders

A

Anteriorly and superiorly: posterior belly of digastric
Anterioinferiorly: superior belly of omohyoid
Posteriorly: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

44
Q

Contents of carotid triangle

A

-Arteries:common carotid, initial segments of external and internal carotid
-Veins: internal jugular and some of its tributaries
Nerves: vagus, accessory, hypoglossal, ansa cervicalis, internal and external laryngeal
Nodes: deep cervical lymph nodes

45
Q

Muscular triangle borders

A

Anteriorly: anterior midline of neck
Posteriosuperiorly: superior belly og omohyoid
Posterioinferiorly: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

46
Q

Contents of muscular triangle

A
  • sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles

- viscera of the neck

47
Q

Viscera of the neck

A
  • thyroid and parathyroid glands
  • larynx
  • trachea
48
Q

Submental triangle boundaries

A

Laterally: anterior bellies of digastric
Inferiorly: body of hyoid
Floor: mylohyoid muscles(deep)

49
Q

Contents of submental triangle

A
  • submental lymph nodes
  • small veins that join to make the internal jugular veins
  • mostly connective tissue

Anatomy Block 3 (13 decks)

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