Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Block 3 > External and middle ear > Flashcards

External and middle ear Flashcards

1
Q

what does the external ear consist of?

A
  • auricle (pinna)

- external auditory meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why is the auricle shaped the way it is?

A

to collect air vibrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what kind of cartilage is the external ear?

A

elastic cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what muscles are in the external ear and what are they innervated by?

A
  • extrinsic and intrinsic muscles

- facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the external auditory meatus?

A

-curved tube that leads from the auricle to the tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does the external auditory meatus do?

A

-conduct sound waves from auricle to the tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the outer third of the external auditory meatus made of?

A

-elastic cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the inner 2/3 of the external auditory meatus made of?

A

bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the external auditory meatus lined by?

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the outer 1/3 of the external auditory meatus contain?

A
  • hairs
  • sebaceous glands
  • ceruminous glands
  • ear wax
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what nerves supply the sensory innervation for lining of the external auditory meatus?

A
  • auriculotemporal nerve

- auricular branch of the vagas nerve (mucosa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does the lymph drain for the external ear?

A
  • superficial parotid
  • mastoid
  • superficial cervical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what color and shape is the tympanic membrane?

A
  • pearly grey

- concave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

umbo

A

-depression in the center of the tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the middle ear?

A
  • tympanic cavity

- air filled cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the middle ear lined with and what does it contain?

A
  • lined with mucous membrane

- contains auditory ossicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how does the middle ear communicate with the nasopharynx in front?

A

-auditory tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how does the middle ear communicate with the nasopharynx behind?

A

-mastoid atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what makes up the roof of the tympanic cavity? and what does it separate the middle ear from?

A
  • tegman tympani (part of petrous temporal bone)

- separates the cavity from the temporal lobe and meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what makes up the floor of the tympanic cavity and what does it separate the cavity from?

A
  • thin plate of bone

- separates the cavity from superior bulb of internal jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what makes up the anterior wall of the tympanic cavity and what are the two openings?

A
  • thin plate of bone
  • opening for the auditory tube
  • opening for the tube of tensor tympani
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity and its openings?

A
  • opening called aditus to the mastoid atrium

- small conical projection called pyramid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

why can infection spread quickly in the tympanic cavity?

A
  • small space
  • lost of important openings for infection to travel
  • auditory tube can let in microbes from nasppharynx
  • can spread viral or bacterial infection
  • infection can erode bone into middle cranial fossa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

promotory

A
  • rounded projection caused by underlying cochlea

- on lateral wall of the inner ear (medial wall of tympanic cavity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

fenestra vestibuli

A
  • above and behind promontory
  • oval window
  • on lateral wall of inner ear (medial wall of tympanic cavity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

fenestra cochleae

A
  • below and behind promontory
  • round window
  • on lateral wall of the inner ear (medial wall of the tympanic cavity)
27
Q

what forms the lateral wall of the tympanic cavity?

A
  • tympanic membrane
  • obliquely placed
  • concave laterally
28
Q

what are the three auditory ossicles?

A
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
29
Q

malleus

A
  • largest ossicle

- handle attaches to the medial surface fo the tympanic membrane

30
Q

how do the ossicles articulate with eachother?

A
  • malleus articulates with the incus

- incus articulates with stapes

31
Q

what does the base of the stapes fit into?

A

-the fenestra vestibuli (oval window) on middle ear

32
Q

what are the muscles associated with the ossicles?

A
  • tensor tympani

- stapedius

33
Q

origin and insertion of tensor tympani

A

origin: wall of the auditory tube and its oen canal
insertion: handle of the malleus

34
Q

innervation of tensor tympani

A

-branch of V3

35
Q

action of the tensor tympani

A

-dampen vibrations of the tympanic membrane

36
Q

what is the smallest muscles in the whole body?

A

-stapedius

37
Q

origin and insertion of stapedius

A

origin: pyramid on the posterior wall of the middle ear
insertion: neck of the stapes

38
Q

innervation of stapedius

A

-branch of the facial nerve

39
Q

action of the stapedius

A

-dampen the vibrations of the stapes

40
Q

what does the auditory tube connect?

A

the anterior wall of the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx

41
Q

what part of the auditory tube is cartilage and what part is bony?

A
  • posterior 1/3 is bony

- anterior 2/3 is cartilage

42
Q

what does the auditory tube pass over?

A

-the upper border of the superior constrictor

43
Q

function of the auditory tube

A
  • equalize pressure in the middle ear with the atmospheric pressure
  • usually closed, but will open to equalize pressure
44
Q

where is the mastoid atrium?

A

-behind the middle ear in the petrous portion of the temporal bone

45
Q

how does the mastoid atrium communicate with the middle ear?

A

aditus

46
Q

what does the mastoid atrium communicate with inferiorly?

A

-mastoid air cells (small sinuses lined with mucosa)

47
Q

what does the facial nerve enter when it reaches the bottom of the internal auditory meatus?

A

the facial canal

48
Q

when the facial nerve reaches the medial wall of the middle ear, it expands to form…

A

-geniculate ganglion

49
Q

what is the bend in the facial nerve called?

A

-genu

50
Q

what foramen does the facial nerve emerge through?

A

-stylomastoid foramen

51
Q

what muscle does the facial nerve give a branch to behind the pyramid?

A

-stapedius muscle

52
Q

where does the chorda tympani originate>

A

-from facial nerve, above the stylomastoid foramen

53
Q

where does the chorda tympani enter the middle ear and what does is cross?

A
  • enters close to the border of the tympanic membrane

- crosses the handle of the malleus

54
Q

what does the chorda tympani exit the middle ear through and what does it then enter?

A
  • exits through petrotympanic fissure

- enters infratemporal fossa to join lingual nerve

55
Q

what kind of fibers does the chorda tympani contain?

A
  • taste fibers (from anterior 2/3 of tongue)

- preganglionic parasympathetic fibers headed toward the submandibular ganglion

56
Q

where does the tympanic nerve originate?

A

-terminal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve just below the jugular foramen

57
Q

what does the tympanic nerve branch to form?

A

-the tympanic plexus on the promontory

58
Q

what does the tympanic plexus supply?

A

-mucosa of the middle ear

59
Q

what kind of fibers does the lesser petrosal nerve contain?

A

-preganglionic parasympathetic fibers going to the otic ganglion

60
Q

what branch does the tympanic plexus give off?

A

-lesser petrosal nerve

61
Q

how does the lesser petrosal nerve exit the middle ear?

A

-through canaliculus in the roof

62
Q

what foramen does the lesser petrosal nerve exit the skull through?

A

foramen ovale

63
Q

what ganglion does the lesser petrosal nerve join?

A

otic ganglion

Anatomy Block 3 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions