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PHTH 517 > Teenage development > Flashcards

Teenage development Flashcards

1
Q

Around what age range is “adolescence”

A

13-18

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2
Q

Biological changes of puberty alone (do/do not) make adolescent storm and stress either university or inevitable.

A

do not

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3
Q

Do all cultures experience the adolescent “storm and stress” to the same extent?

A

no

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4
Q

Identity formation is impacted by ________ and ________ factors.

A

social; cultural

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5
Q

During adolescence, there is an interaction of _______, ________ and ______ systems,

A

physical, psychological and social

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6
Q

What are three main changes in physical development during adolescence?

A
  1. Puberty
  2. Changes in MSK
  3. Brain development
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7
Q

What are changes to the MSK system in adolescence?

A

4.1 to 3.5 inches a year

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8
Q

Muscle tissue is about ____ of total body weight in infant, _____ of total body weight in YA.

A

25%;40%

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9
Q

Adolescent boys are (stronger/weaker) than girls

A

stronger

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10
Q

During adolescence, more bone is _______ than _____.

A

formed; lost

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11
Q

____% of final adult calcium deposit occurs during early adolescence

A

26

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12
Q

Peak rates of calcium deposit occurs at ___ years for boys and ____ years for girls.

A

14;12.5

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13
Q

Onset of puberty is singled by secretion of pulses of ___________ _______hormone from the hypothalamus.

A

gonadotrophin releasing

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14
Q

GnRH stimulates pituitary gland to produce ______ _____ hormone and ________ hormone.

A

follicle stimulating; leutinizing

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15
Q

LH and FSH cause the ovaries to produce what hormone? What hormone in the testicles?

A

estrogen; testosterone

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16
Q

The production of ______ and ________ cause changes seen in puberty

A

estrogen; testosterone

17
Q

About ___% of teenagers are overweight (BMI over ___)

A

12;25

18
Q

What is an important process that occurs with synapses and grey matter during adolescence?

A

pruning

19
Q

When does the total volume of the brain peak for females? for males?

A

10.5 years; 14.5 years

20
Q

When does grey matter peak for females? for males?

A

8.5 years; 10.5 years

21
Q

What are some of the biggest changes in the brain during adolescence in?

A

limbic system

22
Q

The new perspective on risk taking involves the interaction between two neurobiological systems. What are they?

A
  1. Social-emotional

2. Cognitive control

23
Q

adolescent risk taking is stimulated by a rapid and dramatic increase with the ______-________ system.

A

socio-emotional

24
Q

_______ ______ system matures later in adolescence.

A

cognitive control

25
Q

When is the period of increased vulnerability to risk taking during?

A

middle adolescence

26
Q

Changes in the two neurobiological systems can impact adolescent behaviour in what 3 ways?

A
  1. Vulnerable to risk taking
  2. Decision making
  3. Difficulty with impulse control
27
Q

Adolescent brain may have increased sensitivity to alcohol, shown by significant white matter loss and damage to myelin in ________ cortex.

A

prefrontal

28
Q

What are three changes to cognitive development that occur during adolescence?

A
  1. Advanced reasoning skills
  2. Abstract thinking
  3. Meta-cognition
29
Q

_______ = awareness and understanding of ones own thought processes.

A

meta-cognition

30
Q

Adolescents report that their

_______ _______ is the most important predictor of their self esteem.

A

body image

31
Q

Fewer than ___ in ___ adolescents participate in regular exercise

A

1 in 4

32
Q

__ in ___ adolescents are obese in many countries.

A

1 in 3

33
Q

Rates of cigarette smoking are (increasing/decreasing) among younger adolescents

A

decreasing

34
Q

What are the 3 top causes of death in adolescents?

A
  1. road traffic injuries
  2. HIV/AIDS
  3. Suicide
35
Q

What are the top 3 causes of illness and disability in adolescents?

A
  1. Depression
  2. Road traffic injuries
  3. Anaemia

PHTH 517 (16 decks)

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