TCP/IP Applications

Question 1

process for acknowledging (and closing?) each other in a communication between two computers - the client sends as SYN segment to the server (server sends FIN), server then sends a SYN, ACK segment (client sends ACK, then FIN), and then the client sends an ACK segment (server sends a FIN segment)

Answer 1

TCP three-way handshake

Question 2

protocol responsible for giving IP addresses to devices on a network; it used UDP ports 67 (client for sending data to and receiving data from the server) and 68 (server for sending data to receiving data from the client)

Answer 2

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Question 3

protocol responsible for syncing clocks on devices in a network; device that uses this must enter the IP address of the server; uses UDP port 123

Answer 3

Network Time Protocol (NTP)/ Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP)

Question 4

protocol responsible for transferring files from one computer to another without any data protection or authentication, ideally used for computers on the same LAN; uses UDP port 69

Answer 4

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

Question 5

an old issue with the Ping application where malicious users would send malformed ping packets to a computer, causing it to crash

Answer 5

ping of death

Question 6

very common port numbers (0-1023) reserved for specific applications

Answer 6

well-known port numbers

Question 7

port numbers classically valued 1024-5000 (now 49152-65535 in Windows) generally given randomly as the source port for a packet from a Web client

Answer 7

ephemeral port numbers

Question 8

port numbers valued 49152-65535 generally given randomly as the source port for a packet from a Web client

Answer 8

dynamic/private port numbers

Question 9

port numbers valued 1024-49151 registered by less-common applications; anyone can use these ports for their servers or ephemeral ports (though typically not used anymore)

Answer 9

registered ports

Question 10

the session information for any communication stored in RAM

Answer 10

socket/endpoint

Question 11

a socket that is prepared to respond to any IP packets sent its way

Answer 11

open/listening port

Question 12

the most well-known markup language, it is often found in formatted documents stored on web servers

Answer 12

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

Question 13

a markup language found in RSS feeds and Office documents

Answer 13

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

Question 14

the underlying protocol used by the Web, running on TCP port 80; it defines what web browsers and servers do in response to commands

Answer 14

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Question 15

once popular form of Internet service for swapping information and files

Answer 15

USENET

Question 16

a protocol used to access USENET; runs on TCP port 119

Answer 16

Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)

Question 17

Microsoft’s server (web server program) for serving one’s web site, enabling one to set max connection limit

Answer 17

Internet Information Services (IIS)

Question 18

a website that is functioning by serving web pages

Answer 18

active site

Question 19

a website whose domain name has been registered, but it generally does nothing

Answer 19

parked site

Question 20

protocol developed by Netscape for securely transmitting private documents over the Internet; a private connection is established using encryption

Answer 20

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Question 21

protocol used for Web browsing securely, uses TCP port 443

Answer 21

Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL (HTTPS)

Question 22

protocol used for accessing a remote mainframe/server/computer, uses TCP port 23; unsecure, though it features authentication

Answer 22

Telenet Protocol (Telnet)

Question 23

a terminal emulation program/protocol that allows for remotely accessing a server/computer securely using encryption and authentication; uses TCP port 22

Answer 23

Secure Shell (SSH)

Question 24

protocol used for transmitting email, uses TCP port 25

Answer 24

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Question 25

a protocol used for receiving email from SMTP servers, uses TCP port 110

Answer 25

Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3)

Question 26

preferred protocol for receiving email from SMTP servers, uses TCP port 143; also enables synchronization of mail among multiple devices and supports the concept of folders for organizing email on the server

Answer 26

Internet Message Access Protocol version 4 (IMAP4)

Question 27

proprietary protocol for accessing email by Microsoft, and allows synchronization across devices

Answer 27

*Exchange ActiveSync

Question 28

original protocol used for transferring files, usesd TCP port 21 and 20 (old, active) or 21 (passive)

Answer 28

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)