IPv6 Flashcards
the first 64 bits of an IPv6 address, used for routing; it is further broken down into the global routing prefix and the subnet ID
network prefix
the last 64 bits of an IPv6 address, representing the user address, which is generated by the NIC
interface ID
the size of the network prefix, designated by “/x”
prefix length
the IPv6 equivalent of IPv4’s APIPA/zeroconf address local address; it is automatically generated upon boot, and the prefix is always fe80::/10
link-local address
the last 64 bits of an IPv6 address on old OS’s, generated by using the device’s MAC address
Extended Unique Identifier, 64-bit (EUI-64)
a file on a DNS server that holds the IP addresses of the root servers
root hints
a unicast address for the closest machine/server in a cluster (if more than 1) to a router (for DNS, only the biggest Tier 1 Internet routers)
anycast address
an IPv6 address given to a client by a router; upon boot, the client sends a router solicitation message on ff02::2, after which the router returns the prefix; the client then creates the rest of the address; as a true Internet address, another computer running IPv6 with this address can access this client unless a firewall is installed
global unicast “global” address
a feature ones needs to enable on a router to allow router solicitation; it tells the routers to go upstream to the ISP to get the prefix to hand out
prefix delegation
Tier 1 routers connecting to other Tier 1 routers that have no default route to send packets with unknown destinations
no-default routers
protocol that makes IPv6 automation work, which consists of five packets: neighbor solicitation, neighbor advertisement, router solicitation, router advertisement, redirect
Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)
DHCPv6 server similar to that of IPv4, passing out IP info like addresses, default gateways, and DNS servers
stateful DHCPv6 server
DHCPv6 server that uses router advertisements to give some info to hosts; gives small changes compared to that of regular router advertisements, like the DNS server
stateless DHCPv6 server
tunnel where IPv4 traffic is encapsulated into an IPv6 tunnel so that it can reach an IPv6 capable router, using a downloaded tunneling client
4to6
one of the most popular IPv6 tunneling standards, one of only two that can go through IPv4 NAT (NAT traversal)
6in4
second NAT traversal IPv6 protocol, built in Windows; addresses start with 2001:0000:/32
Teredo
open source implementation of Teredo for Linux/UNIX
Miredo
IPv6 protocol that works by adding an IPv4 address to an IPv6 prefix
Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP)
company? That creates the tunnel and usually offers a custom-made endpoint client for one’s use, though one can make a manual connection
tunnel broker
one of automatic configuration protocols used by many brokers; it sets up the tunnel and handles configurations plus login
Tunnel Setup Protocol (TSP)
another automatic configuration protocols used by many brokers; it sets up the tunnel and handles configurations plus login
Tunnel Information and Control (TIC) protocol
a tunnel that allows two IPv6 networks to connect over an existing IPv4 infrastructure, like the Internet
overlay tunnel
feature of some routers that allows them to run both IPv4 and IPv6; the routers connect IPv6 networks to IPv4 infrastructure
dual stack
tunnel that creates a simple point-to-point connection between two IPv6 networks, good for regular, secure (Ipsec) communication
manual tunnel
transition mechanism that embeds IPv4 packets into IPv6 packets for network traversal
NAT64
