T2 L20 Physiology of puberty Flashcards
what is the definition of puberty?
Stage of physical maturation where an individual becomes physiologically capable of pro-creation
What are the 3 general physical changes that occur during puberty?
Growth spurt
Secondary sex characteristics
Menarche / spermatogenesis
What are the 5 physical changes occurring during puberty for girls?
Growth spurt Breast growth Pubic hair Axillary hair Menstruation
When do girls experience a growth spurt?
8-14 years
6-10cm per year
2.5 year duration
When does thelarche occur?
8-13 years
When does pubic hair growth occur in girls?
9-13 years
When does menarche occur?
10-16 years
When does pulsatile nocturnal GnRH release start?
At 6-9 years
Occurs every 90-120 minutes
Describe the endocrine changes during puberty
Increased GnRH leads to increased FSH and LH
Ovaries / testes become sensitised to effects of FSH and LH
Final phase is development of positive / negative feedback mechanism
What can be used to check the adrenals are stimulated?
Urine steroid profile
What do the testes produce?
Games (sperm)
Androgens (testosterone)
What controls Sertoli cells?
FSH
What controls leydig cells?
LH
What produces androgens?
95% from testes
5% from adrenals
What are the 2 phases in the ovarian cycle?
Follicular phase
Luteal phase
What happens in the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?
Initially E rises (FSH) with LH surge mid-cycle
Ovulation occurs